We illustrate the flow behaviour of fluids with isotropic and anisotropic microstructure (internal length, layering with bending stiffness) by means of numerical simulations of silo discharge and flow alignment in simple shear. The Cosserat theory is used to provide an internal length in the constitutive model through bending stiffness to describe isotropic microstructure and this theory is cou...

0022-3093/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.06.014 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +609 258 5680; fax: + E-mail address: [email protected] (G.W. Sche The Young’s moduli of a set of silica aerogels have been measured by two techniques: 3-point bending and uniaxial compression. The data found by the two methods differ strongly. The uniaxial compression test g...

this study investigates propagation of mode i crack in b70 pre-stressed concrete sleepers by fracture mechanics approach. a new experimental analysis is done for notched b70 pre-stressed concrete sleepers with replica test and image analysis. a scanning electron microscope test (sem) and an image analysis are applied for the replica test in order to determine crack length and crack mouth openin...

We have learned that the two principal curvatures (and vectors) determine the local shape of a point on a surface. One characterizes the rate of maximum bending of the surface and the tangent direction in which it occurs, while the other characterizes the rate and tangent direction of minimum bending. The rate of surface bending along any tangent direction at the same point is determined by the...

The mechanical properties of porous ceramics are greatly influenced by their microstructure. Therefore, mechanical behavior of highly porous ceramics is different from that of dense ceramics. In this work, we evaluate different mechanical testing methods such as static compression, Brazilian disc test and 3-point bending on their suitability for comparison of highly porous ceramic materials. It...

This article reports on the first successful combination of micro Laue (µLaue) diffraction with an atomic force microscope for in situ nanomechanical tests of individual nanostructures. In situ three-point bending on self-suspended gold nanowires was performed on the BM32 beamline at the ESRF using a specially designed atomic force microscope. During the bending process of the self-suspended wi...

In scanning tunneling experiments on semiconductor surfaces, the energy scale within the tunneling junction is usually unknown due to tip-induced band bending. Here, we experimentally recover the zero point of the energy scale by combining scanning tunneling microscopy with Kelvin probe force spectroscopy. With this technique, we revisit shallow acceptors buried in GaAs. Enhanced acceptor-relat...

We present a four point bending setup suitable for high precision characterization of piezoresistance in semiconductors. The compact setup has a total size of 635 cm(3). Thermal stability is ensured by an aluminum housing wherein the actual four point bending fixture is located. The four point bending fixture is manufactured in polyetheretherketon and a dedicated silicon chip with embedded piez...