This paper analyzes effects of nonpoint source pollution on regulation optimal contracts in asymmetric information situation. We consider a continuum of agents (to formalize major characteristic of nonpoint source pollution) which pollute another agent (affected agent). We distinguish different forms of externalities and examine if it is always necessary to modify optimal contract of each respo...

use su We analyze participation in international environmental agreements in a dynamic game in which countries pollute and invest in green technologies. If complete contracts are feasible, participants eliminate the holdupproblem associatedwith their investments; however,most countries prefer to free ride rather than participate. If investments are noncontractible, countries face aholdupproblem...

Elementary and phase composition as well as micrography of the electric furnace slag were examined. The base of slag is made from phases containing Fe, Mn and Ca. Grains differ in size and shape, they cling together to form bigger or smaller agglomerates, depending on separated fractions. Relative distribution of identified phases in separated fractions is presented and the possibility of phase...

Automated microscopes have enabled the unprecedented collection of images at a rate that precludes visual inspection. Automated image analysis is required to identify interesting samples and extract quantitative information for high-content screening (HCS). However, researchers are impeded by the lack of metrics and software tools to identify image-based aberrations that pollute data, limiting ...

School buses contribute disproportionately to ambient air quality, pollute near schools and residential areas, and their emissions collect within passenger cabins. This paper examines the impact of school bus emissions reductions programs on health outcomes. A key contribution relative to the broader literature is that we examine localized pollution reduction programs at a fine level of aggrega...

That MNCs communicate concern for the natural environment in order to suggest that they are operating in an environmentally responsible manner to stakeholders is well known (Deegan, Rankin & Tobin, 2002). Communicating concern for the natural environment has been shown to reduce NGO and government scrutiny (Delmas, 2001) and influence stock price (Bansal & Roth, 2000). Research has also suggest...

Many people believe that Objectivism is simply a movement composed of selfish, deranged, arrogant anti-environmentalists. They are right. The fact is, Objectivists care little for their fellow man and less for the facts. The staple of Objectivism is not science, but hollow pseudo-philosophic anti-intellectual claptrap and outright lies. All designed to trick well meaning people into accepting a...

The impact of ancient fertilization practices on the biogeochemistry of arable soils on the remote Scottish island of Hirta, St Kilda was investigated. The island was relatively unusual in that the inhabitants exploited seabird colonies for food, enabling high population densities to be sustained on a limited, and naturally poor, soil resource. A few other Scottish islands, the Faeroes and some...

Growing scientific evidence indicates that synthetic plastic microbeads (hereafter, microbeads) are a threat to the environment and should be banned from all personal care products. Microbeads pollute the environment, adding to the increasing abundance of microplastic debris. Too small to be efficiently filtered by wastewater treatment processes, microbeads are found in aquatic habitats and fis...