BACKGROUND Fourth ventricular tumors are amongst the most common tumors in the pediatric population. Traditionally, these tumors are approached through the cerebellar vermis, but the telovelar approach is now becoming widespread. Posterior fossa syndrome/cerebellar mutism is a complication of surgery for fourth ventricular tumors whose precise cause remains elusive, but may be related to the su...

central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor during infancy is a rare, highly aggressive tumor most commonly seen in the cerebellar area. herein we describe the case of a 4-month-old baby who presented with convulsions. pathologic examination of her cerebellar mass showed an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. the patient died 5 days after surgery despite complete excision of the mass ...

BACKGROUND Gangliogliomas are low-grade glioneuronal tumors of the central nervous system and the commonest cause of chronic intractable epilepsy. Most gangliogliomas (>70%) arise in the temporal lobe, and infratentorial tumors account for less than 10%. Posterior fossa gangliogliomas can have the features of a classic supratentorial tumor or a pilocytic astrocytoma with focal gangliocytic diff...

Oligodendrogliomas are the tumors of normal glial cells of brain called oligodendrocytes. They represent a small proportion of childhood brain tumors and are infrequently encountered in the posterior fossa. CT scan and MRI are very helpful for the preoperative management of oligodendrogliomas. However, due to the rarity and non-specific imaging features, it may be difficult to ...

Deficits in neurocognitive functioning are an important area of late effects in survivors of pediatric brain tumors; however, a quantitative analysis of the magnitude of these deficits in survivors of brain tumors of the posterior fossa has not been conducted. Despite tumor locations in the posterior regions of the brain, individual studies have documented deficits in a variety of domains, refl...

Torticollis is an usual symptom that can be the result of various disorders, such as sternocleidomastoid muscle pathology, bony abnormalities of the cervical spine, disorders of the central or peripheral nervous system, various ocular diseases, and brain tumors, especially in children. A 12-month-old male visited our hospital because of torticollis. He was normal on systemic examination, with n...

introduction: ondine’s curse is a catastrophic but rare condition in adults. it is referred to as a congenital or acquired condition, in which the patient cannot breathe automatically while asleep. acquired causes of this disease can be any cause affecting the ventrolateral part of the medulla, which is considered to be the breathing center in humans.    case report:   a 51-year-old woman, with...

A rare case of pituitary metastasis of thyroid follicular adenocarcinoma occurred in a 62-year-old female manifesting as left retro-orbital pain and diplopia. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the pituitary fossa extending to the left cavernous sinus, sphenoid sinus, and prepontine cistern, destroying the upper portion of the clivus. An asymptomatic thyroid ...

Vertebral angiography is generally considered to be of little diagnostic value in the localization of the posterior fossa tumors except for the tumors showing abnormal vasculatures, because of its several weak points as followed; (1) The branches of the vertebral and basilar arteries in the posterior fossa have numerous variations and lack constancy in their course. (2) Since the bilateral bran...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Posterior fossa tumors are the most common brain tumors in children. Surgeons usually remove these tumors via a midline incision through the posterior vermis of the cerebellum. Though often effective, this surgery causes hypotonia, ataxia, oculomotor deficits, transient mutism, difficulty in swallowing and nausea. To date, there is no animal model that mimics these complications...