recently, the use of renewable energies has increased to  environmental pollution, limitation of fossil energy resources and energy security  one of the means that enable us to use such energies is fuel cells (fc). however, there are many problems  in the commercialization of fc from an economically and operation perspective. one of the most important problems is heat management. new heat pipes...

Lead(II) bromide (PbBr2, 99.999% trace metals basis), lead(II) iodide (PbI2, 99.999% trace metals basis), cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3, reagentPlus, 99%), iodine (I2, 99.99%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, ACS reagent, ≥ 37%), hydriodic acid (HI, 57wt.% in H2O), hydrobromic acid (HBr, 48 wt. % in H2O, ≥99.99%), indium(III) acetate (In(Ac)3, 99.99%), copper(I) iodide (CuI, purum, ≥99.5%), 1-dodecanethiol ...

Conductometric measurements on solid lithium, sodium and potassium propanoates and X-ray powder diffraction measurements on the sodium and potassium salts have been performed over temperature ranges including solid state transitions. The temperature dependence of the transport and lattice parameters of the different crystalline phases and the changes of the same parameters in correspondence wit...

The new compound LiNaFe[PO(4)]F was synthesized by a solid state reaction route, and its crystal structure was determined using neutron powder diffraction data. LiNaFe[PO(4)]F was characterized by (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat capacity, and electrochemical measurements. LiNaFe[PO(4)]F crystallizes with orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pnma, with a = 10....

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Mouse peritoneal macrophages were used to evaluate the relative cytotoxicity of a series of diatomaceous earth products in vitro. The amorphous and crystalline silica content of the products was determined by a combination of infrared spectroscopy and x ray powder diffraction techniques. The cytotoxicities of the high cristobalite content flux calcined materials were similar to that of the stan...

A valuable experimental method in studying the band structure of metals and alloys is the measurement of the NMR shift of suitable nuclei with respect to a reference signal, the Knight shift (K), see e.g. [1]. Metal-hydrogen systems are an interesting group of metallic solids. The measurement of the proton Knight shift (AH) in metals, however, is somewhat difficult because of its small magnitud...

Issues concerning powder consolidation methods compatible with the colloidal approach and issues associated with other powder processing steps, viz., den-sification and microstructural control, are presented with regard to research directions leading to more reliable ceramics. 1. Introduction With their multiplicity of elemental combinations and crystal structures, ceramics exhibit unique prope...

A powder injection molding (PIM) binder system has been developed for reactive metals such as titanium that employs an aromatic compound as the primary component to facilitate easy binder removal and mitigate problems with carbon contamination. In the study presented here, we examined the densification behavior, microstructure, and mechanical properties of titanium specimens formed by this proc...

High-density metals such as hafnium and zirconium are of interest to the propellant, explosive, and pyrotechnic industry due to their high oxidation enthalpies; however, these metal fuels suffer from electrostatic discharge (ESD) complications creating safety concerns. Previous attempts to passivate these powders have failed due to abrasion of the protective coatings. Two novel methods for dese...