A perennial problem in hybrid backtrack CSP search is how much local consistency processing should be done to achieve the best efficiency. This can be divided into two separate questions: (1) how much work should be done before the actual search begins, i.e. during preprocessing?, and (2) how much of the same processing should be interleaved with search? At present there are two leading approac...

Abstract This paper provides a formulation of an elastic-plastic beam model. The constitutive behaviour material after elasticity limit is considered perfect plastic. Although this not general plastic behaviour, it allows to minimize mathematical difficulties fulfil the idea: pre-integration trough thickness extended non-linearity. Three types deformation mechanisms are found: fully elastic, pl...

We extend the IP models proposed by Nisan and Andersson for winner determination in combinatorial auctions, to the problem of evaluating bids for coordinated task sets. This requires relaxing the free disposal assumption, and encoding temporal constraints in the model. We present a basic model, along with an improved model that dramatically reduces the number of rows by preprocessing the tempor...

Edge maps which are computed from textured scenes using existing methods based on local image analysis are not very meaningful. This is because edges at object boundaries are not differentiated from edges in texture. We introduce a real-time algorithm that overcomes this difficulty by computing the Direchlet integral in a small image patch at different scales. These measurements are combined an...

The rules of quantum mechanics require a time coordinate for their formulation. However, a notion of time is in general possible only when a classical spacetime geometry exists. Such a geometry is itself produced by classical matter sources. Thus it could be said that the currently known formulation of quantum mechanics pre-assumes the presence of classical matter fields. A more fundamental for...

astigmatism’s defect has not yet been formulated in physics and medical physics books theoretically. in this paper, we are trying to formulate the astigmatism’s defect. the results of formulation show that “the degree of astigmatism is negative reverse the distance that vision’s condition of astigmatism’s chart lines change conditions in dimness angle from dimness condition at infinite distance...

INTRODUCTION The efficient conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks remains a key step in the commercialization of biofuels. One of the barriers to cost-effective conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to sugars remains the enzymatic saccharification process step. Here, we describe a novel hybrid processing approach comprising enzymatic pre-digestion with newly characterized hyperthermophilic en...

The aim of the study was to formulate and investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters for the tablets of herbal extract of caffeine with comparison to synthetic formulation. The tablets of the aqueous herbal extract of leaves of Camellia sinensis and synthetic caffeine were formulated by wet granulation technique. The HPLC and HPTLC were applied as analytical tools for estimation of caffeine. Th...

Live bacterial vaccines have great promise both as vaccines against enteric pathogens and as heterologous antigen vectors against diverse diseases. Ideally, room temperature stable dry formulations of live bacterial vaccines will allow oral vaccination without cold-chain storage or injections. Attenuated Salmonella can cross the intestinal wall and deliver replicating antigen plus innate immune...