Recently, there were many works on predator-prey system done by scholars [1–6]. In particular, since Hassell-Varley [7] proposed a general predator-prey model with Hassell-Varley type functional response in 1969, many excellent works have been conducted for the Hassell-Varley type system [1, 7–13]. Liu and Huang [8] studied the following discrete predator-prey system with Hassell-Varley-Holling...

In this paper we study prey-predator relationship in the presence of prey species pool. We describe set parameters when predator will survive and find threshold you lose survival. This is based on analysis dependence locally stable equilibrium points problem especially natural mortality rate e . particular give an interval for terms other where predators survive. can allow to control survival b...

In the current paper, we propose a two-prey-one-predator system with Holling type II predation functional response where prey species consumes the remains of the other prey species’ carcass given by their predator. Mathematical analysis of the proposed model equations with regard to non-negative invariance including stability and bifurcation are carried out. Next, we extend the deterministic sy...

This paper considers the nonlinear observer normal forms and their application in an ecological Predator-Prey system. These forms allow for the design of robust observers for Predator-Prey models where full measurement is not available. Thus, from a measured population of one specie (prey or predator), one can estimate the population that is not directly measured.

We firstly show the permanence of hybrid prey-predator system. Then, when both white and color noises are taken into account, we examine the asymptotic properties of stochastic prey-predator model with Markovian switching. Finally, the optimal harvest policy of stochastic prey-predator model perturbed by white noise is considered.

the food chain refers to a natural system by which energy is transmitted from one organism to another. in fact, a food chain consists of producers, consumers and decomposition. presence of complex food web increase the stability of the ecosystem. classical food chain theory arises from lotka-volterra model. in the present paper, the dynamics behavior of three level food chain is studied. a syst...

Two recent articles by Geisler and Diehl use Bayesian statistical decision theory to model the co-evolution of predator and prey in a simple, game-like environment. The prey is characterized by its coloration. The predator is characterized by the chromatic sensitivity of its visual system and its willingness to attack. The authors demonstrate how the coloration of prey and the perceptual system...

Predator-prey models consider those prey that are free. They assume that once a prey is captured by a predator it leaves the system. A question arises whether in predator-prey population models the variable describing prey population shall consider only those prey which are free, or both free and handled prey together. In the latter case prey leave the system after they have been handled. The c...

A simple food chain which consists of nutrient, prey and predator with intratrophic predation of the predator is proposed and analyzed. The dynamics of the model depend on the basic reproductive numbers of the prey and predator. Intratrophic predation can have impact on the system only if the basic reproductive number of the predator is greater than 1. In this case, the system may have multiple...