The period immediately prior to and following calving, is associated with extensive biological and logistical adaptations. During this time frame, cows and heifers must adjust to the physical and biological transition from pregnancy to lactation as well as environmental changes such as new rations (ingredient and energy density alterations) and pen relocation. In addition, cows in this transiti...

If we look at the state's population growth patterns, milk and products must be used to ensure both food security nutritional security. Another possibility is that populace expresses various concerns like insecurity, perceived unemployment, etc., government responds by taking quick effective action address these concerns. The current study examines facets of dairy farming state production, cons...

Milk samples from high and low milk producer Holstein cows, were obtained during the morning and afternoon milking over a one week period. Overall, 1064 samples were tested within 14 times sampling in Urmia, Iran. Milk macro-mineral concentrations in the morning milking and in low producers were greater than in the afternoon and in high producers. The highest and lowest concentrations were obse...

Professional heifer growers and dairy producers are faced with the challenge of raising healthy calves, while still paying close attention to rearing costs and profit. Factors that may be considered in selecting a liquid feeding program may include the number of calves fed, economics and cash flow, nutritional characteristics, calf performance targets, resource availability (e.g. consistent sup...