We determine the inner product on Hilbert space of wavefunctions universe by imposing Hermiticity quantum Hamiltonian in context minisuperspace model. The corresponding probability density reproduces successfully classical distribution $\hbar \to 0$ limit, for closed universes filled with a perfect fluid index $w$. When $-1/3<w\le 1$, wavefunction is normalizable and becomes vanishingly small a...

one of the conventional methods for temporary support of tunnels is to use steel sets with shotcrete. the nature of a temporary support system demands a quick installation of its structures. as a result, the spacing between steel sets is not a fixed amount and it can be considered as a random variable. hence, in the reliability analysis of these types of structures, the selection of an appropri...