While many policy tools can be used to develop spatial plans and implement their goals, there have been very few academic attempts classify illustrate the whole range of available. This article reviews different ways in which planning conceptualized date highlights a wide variation interpretation. Building directly on literature from studies, new classification is put forward has potential appl...

Background: To evaluate the association between pre/post-procedural high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and hs-CRP difference, and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) or new diffusion-weighted MRI lesions after carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS). Methods: In this study, conducted in 2016 in Shiraz (Iran), patients who underwent diagnostic angiography and CAS...

Abstract Decision-making under uncertainty is sometimes investigated as a homogeneous problem, independently of the type decision-maker and level nature decision itself. However, when public authority, there immediately arise problems additional to those that concern any other (private) decision-maker. This not always clearly recognised in orthodox discussions on decisions conditions uncertaint...

The paper is devoted to an important problem of legal certainty in the Russian criminal procedural law and activity regulated by it modern conditions. These are characterized, among other things, development digital technologies, context improving (procedural) organizational aspects pre-trial judicial proceedings. author conducts analysis decisions European Court Human Rights, which considers p...

According to Iraqi Law of Discipline State Employees and the Public Sector No (14) for year (1991), several formality procedures should be observed during imposition disciplinary penalty. These are multifaceted; most important which is that decision impose punishment must have effects based on evidence issued by an impartial authority. And at same time, litigants case right appeal according afo...

Both the ratios of the labor remuneration and the residents’ income are too low in Chinese national income distribution. In order to resolve this prominent problem, the Chinese authority should attach great importance to the tax adjustment for realizing the positive effect of the distributive justice. Therefore, the objective of the Individual Income Tax reform is to strengthen its function on ...

This study considers the circumstances under which members of the Muslim American community voluntarily cooperate with police efforts to combat terrorism. Cooperation is defined to include both a general receptivity toward helping the police in antiterror work and the specific willingness to alert police to terror-related risks in a community. We compare two perspectives on why people cooperate...