knowledge about the clinical significance of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog b1 ( braf ) mutations in colorectal cancer (crc) is growing. braf encodes a protein kinase involved with intracellular signaling and cell division. the gene product is a downstream effector of kirsten ras 1( kras ) within the ras/raf/mapk cellular signaling pathway. evidence suggests that braf mutations, li...

introduction: malaria is a protozoal disease, transmitted to humans by female anopheles mosquito bite. plasmodium falciparum, compared to other kinds of plasmodium, causes more severe malaria and is associated with a higher mortality rate. annually, one to three million deaths occur due to malaria, especially by p. falciparum. case presentation: in this report, we introduce an iranian patient s...

background: lactic acidosis in cardiac surgical patients is a manifestation of systemic inflammation and excess pro-inflammatory cytokine production. this investigation was designed to integrate basic concepts about lactate acidosis with a clinically used of serum lactate in patients under coronary artery bypass surgery (cabg) by on pump method. methods: from august to september 2012, 15 patien...

an elevated pulmonary artery pressure (pap) from any cause is associated with increased mortality, especially in cases of primary pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah). one of the many reasons behind a bad prognosis is the inherent difficulty in assessing right ventricular (rv) function with reproducible methods. intensive research involving the left heart has made it relatively easy to assess ...

BACKGROUND The influence of parity and time interval between age at first pregnancy (AFP) and age at diagnosis on breast cancer survival is not established in the same way as their influence on breast cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the association of time interval or parity with prognosis in pre- and postmenopausal women in Korea. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 29,167 wom...

background: ischemic mitral regurgitation (imr) is a common complication after acute myocardial infarction (ami). we aimed to investigate the frequency of imr following first-time ami and its association with infarct location, in-hospital mortality, and complications. methods: from september 2011 to november 2012, all patients with a diagnosis of first-time acute st-elevation mi were enrolled i...

results there were no significant differences between the 4 groups in white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and esr at baseline (p > 0.05). the number of platelet units was remarkably higher, but the number of mpv and hco3 was considerably lower in patients with loss/ failure criteria. conclusions mpv is higher in the case of platelets destruction, and this is commonly observed in inf...

background hepatitis b virus (hbv) is among the leading causes of liver cirrhosis worldwide. predictors of cirrhosis in iranian chronic hepatitis b (chb) patients are yet to be clearly identified. objectives evaluating the predictive factors of liver cirrhosis in chb. patients and methods a longitudinal study was conducted during 1995 - 2014 on all chb patients who were referred to tehran hepat...

background and objectives: giant cell tumor of bone (gct) is often regarded as a benign tumor, but its clinical course is unpredictable, has a high rate of recurrence, and even can metastases and transform to a malignant tumor. histological features of the tumor often could not predict its future biologic behavior, so it is just called ''giant cell tumor'' without indicating malignancy or benig...

background: coronary computed tomography angiography (ccta) is a well-known method for evaluating anatomic coronary stenosis, but the reliability of ccta to predict cardiovascular events is an issue of controversy. materials and methods: in this prospective observational study, 58 patients with acute chest pain and low-to-moderate risk were selected and ccta was performed on them. during follow...