This paper estimates the impact of parental alcohol consumption on child health by taking advantage of a unique shock to alcohol supply: the 1985 to 1988 alcohol prohibition campaign in Russia. This campaign was temporally short lived, and resulted in large amounts of exogenous geographic variation in its intensity and effectiveness. I construct a new data set that combines the Russian Longitud...

Performing and receiving tattoos are typically forbidden in American prisons. What are the intentions of this prohibition? How well does the policy meet its intentions? How well does it promote the broader ends of prison institutions; to protect justice, provide efficient correctional services, rehabilitate criminals, and deter crime? I argue that repealing the prohibition of inmate tattooing w...

The scope of the study was to elaborate and represent different aspects of high-tech suits which influence the swimming results and to justify the change of swimming rules in 2009. Impact of environmental factors on the result should not be greater than the athlete's impact. Impact of high-tech suits greatly contributes to the development of technology, new materials and modern design of sports...

On October 13, 2006, President George W. Bush signed the Unlawful Internet GamblingEnforcementAct (UIGEA)of2006asanattachment to theSecurity andAccountability for Every Port Act of 2006. UIGEA is the first federal regulation specific to the online gaming industry. In this article, we examine the impact of UIGEA and its subsequent interpretation (through administrative rulemaking andDepartment o...

The merits of alcohol prohibition have been, and continue to be heavily debated. While the net effect of alcohol prohibition on violence is uncertain, one clear potential positive externality to alcohol prohibition is improved health outcomes, through improved prenatal health, reduced domestic violence, and/or higher standards of living. These effects should be especially salient among expectin...

Objectives. The 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution repealing national prohibition is the only amendment ratified by state conventions rather than state legislatures. The referenda held to select delegates for these conventions offer a promising source of data for identifying determinants of support for prohibition repeal. Methods. We use various proxy measures to determine the importance o...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW A rational cannabis policy would arguably be one that minimized the harms of both cannabis use and the legal policies adopted to control its use. We, therefore, review recent epidemiological evidence on the harmful effects of cannabis use and social research on the costs and benefits of cannabis prohibition. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological evidence suggests that cannabis inc...

AIM To examine briefly the (i) rationales for two policy proposals in the United States to make it mandatory for cigarettes to contain very low levels of nicotine and to legalize cannabis for recreational use by adults; and (ii) possible lessons that participants in each policy debate may learn from each other. METHOD We briefly describe the diverging policies towards cannabis and tobacco in ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the independent contribution of individual socioeconomic markers and state prohibition policy on alcohol consumption among men and women in India. METHODS The study used a multilevel cross-sectional analysis of alcohol consumption from the 1998-1999 Indian national family health survey of 301 984 adult individuals in 92 447 households in 3215 villages in 440 districts...