The leading policy to conserve forest is protected areas (PAs). Yet, PAs are not a single tool: land users and uses vary by PA type; and public PA strategies vary in the extent of each type and in the determinants of impact for each type, i.e. siting and internal deforestation. Further, across regions and time, strategies respond to pressures (deforestation and political). We estimate deforesta...

the aim of this research was to evaluate and select of appropriate indicators for different zones of baghe shadi region where it have six different zones (restricted zone, protected zone, restored zone, inhibition zone, recreational zone and other uses zone). to do so, first top-down approach and likert scale questionnaire was used for voting from 32 experts. after that using influence matrix, ...

efficiency of the existing protected areas network in conservation of biodiversity is one of the most important challenges of protected areas custodians. despite there are numerous articles on evaluating the efficiency of the protected areas for conserving the habitat and species on national and international scales, in iran this subject has not been studied yet. the aim of the present study is...

nowadays, the machinery dependent life makes the people take refuge in natural recreational places. therefore, evaluating the recreational value of natural promenades has great importance to lead to more protection. in this research, economic valuation of sorkheh hesar national park, and protected area of geno were computed, and socio-economic factors compared in each area. geno protected area ...

Protected areas play an important role in the evolving challenge of maintaining a sustainable world. Not only do they provide refuges for biological diversity, but they play an equally significant role in the changing economic and social basis of local communities and nations. That protected areas are increasingly becoming a source of tourist revenue is not surprising. In many cases, such as th...

Protected area management agencies often struggle to reliably reconstruct grazer assemblages due to a lack of historical distribution data for their regions. Wrong predictions of grazing assemblages could potentially affect biodiversity negatively. The objective of the study was to determine how well grazing herbivores have become established since introduction to the Mkambati Nature Reserve, S...

Protected areas around the world were created with the goals of preserving biodiversity and providing nature-based recreation opportunities for millions of people. This dual mandate guides the management of the majority of the world’s protected areas, but there is growing evidence that quiet, nonconsumptive recreation may not be compatible with biodiversity protection. We combined noninvasive s...

Arasbaran is one of the most important protected regions in Iran located in NW of the country and east of E Azarbaijan Province. Several reports have been published on the mycobiota of this region however there is only few records about rust fungi of Arasbaran. Our research on rust fungi of Arasbaran region get started since 2006. During this study, several rust taxa collected and identified fr...