Protein S deficiency (PSD) has been the most difficult to study among the classical inherited thrombophilic factors. This is in part due to the peculiar biology of protein S (PS), which has an anticoagulant role but no enzymatic activity, and because it interacts with plasma components that function in both haemostasis and inflammation. Clinically, it also has been difficult to define and stand...

References 1. Levine SR, Welch KMA: Cerebrovascular ischemia associated with lupus anticoagulant. Stroke 1987; 18:257-263 2. Levine SR, Welch KMA: The spectrum of neurological disease associated with antiphospholipid antibodies: Lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies. Arch Neurol 1987;44: 876-883 3. Levine SR, Welch KMA: Antiphospholipid antibodies. Ann Neurol 1989;26:386-389 4. Ya...

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To the Editor: We have read with special attention the letter of Davous et al. Because the association between hereditary protein S deficiency and cerebral arterial thrombosis is controversial,' we are reporting another case with this same association in which other members of the family were affected by arterial thrombotic diseases. A 44-year-old man was admitted to our hospital a few hours af...

Protein S (PS) is an extensively studied protein with an important function in the down-regulation of thrombin generation. Because of the presence of a pseudogene and two different forms of PS in plasma, a bound and a free form, it is one of the most difficult thrombophilias to study. A deficiency of PS predisposes subjects to (recurrent) venous thromboembolism (VTE) and foetal loss. However, t...

Background It has been reported that 15-20% of parous female have experienced at least one miscarriage, while 3% of them have experienced two miscarriages. The goal of this study was to evaluate the plasma level of coagulation factors in women with a history of spontaneous abortions. MaterialsAndMethods In this case-control study, 82 women with a history of two or more abortions referred to the...

BACKGROUND Protein S, which circulates in plasma in a free and bound form, is an anticoagulant protein that stimulates both activated protein C (APC) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). Hereditary type I protein S deficiency (low total and low free protein S) is a well-established risk factor for venous thrombosis, whereas the thrombosis risk associated with type III deficiency (normal ...