This study attempted to compare typed and handwritten essays of Iranian EFL students in terms of length, spelling, and grammar. To administer the study, the researchers utilized Alice Touch Typing Tutor software to select 15 upper intermediate students with higher ability to write two essays: one typed and the other handwritten. The students were both males and females between the ages of 22 to...

Bidirectional typing combines two modes of typing: type checking, which checks that a program satisfies known type, and synthesis, determines from the program. Using checking enables bidirectional to support features for inference is undecidable; using synthesis avoid large annotation burden explicitly typed languages. In addition, improves error locality. We highlight design principles underli...

in determination of particular types of coagulate positive staphylococci (staphylococcus aurous) causing different diseases, especially hospital sepsis and food poisonings; 186 strains of coagulase positive staphylococci from different provinces in iran were phage typed. because of various sources of the strains, the results had some differences, as 15.8 percent or 15 strains separated from chi...

the aim of the study was to determine the resistance patterns of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from patients with surgical wounds in hospitals and also to investigate their epidemiological relatedness using molecular typing techniques. twenty pseudomonas sp. isolated from surgical wounds were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by disk diffusion, plasmid profile, sds-page...

pasteurella multocida is known as one of the main organisms causing pneumonia in sheep. as immunity in pasteurellosis is serogroup specific, identification of prevalent capsular group among endemic areas is essential. the aim of this study was to molecular identification and determine of the capsular type of the p. multocida strains isolated from sheep pneumonia in iran. bacteriological and bio...