As long-term care policy makers struggle with competing challenges including state budget deficits and pressures to expand homeand community-based services (HCBS), there is a pressing need for information on the comparative cost of Medicaid HCBS and institutional care. This paper uses the most recent available data (2002) to present three per participant expenditure comparisons between Medicaid...

BACKGROUND India is unlikely to meet the Millennium Development Goal for child mortality. As public policy impacts child mortality, we assessed the association of social sector expenditure with child mortality in India. METHODS AND FINDINGS Mixed-effects regression models were used to assess the relationship of state-level overall social sector expenditure and its major components (health, he...

When there are peer effects in education, private schools have an incentive to vary tuition to attract relatively able students. Epple and Romano (1998) develop a general equilibrium model characterizing equilibrium pricing and student selection into schools when peer effects are present. The model predicts that competition will lead private schools to give tuition discounts to more able studen...

Along with the reform of Chinese Government public finance, higher education belongs to the public product, gradually changes from “fund investment management” to the “expenditure performance management”. The evaluation of expenditure performance system becomes the key point of higher education investment mechanism reform. This article studies the level, mechanism, target, and method of higher ...

The structure of developed economies has changed radically in recent decades. As late as the 1960s, it was reasonable to describe the economy in terms of three stages of production: primary production—of agricultural and mineral raw materials; secondary production—a manufacturing industry that transformed raw materials into items of final consumption; tertiary production—a sector that provided ...

There are strong reasons to believe that a lessening of gender inequality is important in the promotion of economic growth and in the reduction of poverty (Murphy 1997; Blackden and Bhanu 1999, Presser and Sen 2000). A reduction in gender inequality, especially in its more extreme forms, is also desirable from a human rights prospective. The World Bank's Public Expenditure Reviews (PERs) offer ...

background: the national health accounts keep track of all healthcare related activities from the beginning (i.e. resource provision), to the end (i.e. service provision). this study was conducted to address following questions: how is the iranian health system funded? who distribute the funds? for what services are the funds spent on?, what service providers receive the funds? methods: the req...

This research empirically analyzed the relationship between public health expenditure and national health outcomes among developed countries. The data was collected from 17 OECD countries between 1973 and 2000. Two public health outcome indicators, infant mortality rate and life expectancy at birth, were used as dependent variables. To analyze cross-country panel data, we used a mixed-effect mo...