Most research on unburned tobacco has focused on the harmful chemicals associated with the tobacco itself. However, certain flavor additives in tobacco products can pose additional health risks. Flavors like camphor, coumarin, pulegone, eugenol, methyl salicylate, menthol and diphenyl ether have exhibited biological activity and/or toxicity in both lab animals and humans. This publication prese...

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) reviewed the safety of 13 Panax spp root-derived ingredients as used in cosmetics. Panax "spp" indicates that multiple species within the genus are used in cosmetics, but not all species within that genus. Four species are being considered in this safety assessment. These ingredients function mostly as skin-conditioning agents-miscellaneous, f...

Rotundifolone, a monoterpene isolated from the essential oil of the leaves of Mentha x villosa, is a constituent of several essential oils and known to have antinociceptive activity. Our recent study demonstrated that the analogues of rotundifolone showed also a significant antinociceptive effect. In the present report, to investigate the correlation between the structure and antinociceptive ac...

R-(+)-Pulegone, a monoterpene ketone, is a potent hepatotoxin. The present study was designed to evaluate whether the reduction of the ring size in R-(+)-pulegone would affect its mode of metabolism and its hepatotoxic potential. Metabolic fate of R-(+)-4-methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclopentanone (I) and 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethylidene)-cyclopentanone (DL-camphorone; II) were examined in rats...

Background. Not all plants are capable of producing essential oil (EO). There 3.000 different plant EOs described in the world, but only 10 % them widely used by humans. In particular, perfumery and food industry use largest amount natural – 30 40 world production, respectively. A thorough study EOs, knowledge their components both chemical pharmacological sense will facilitate improvement qual...

materials and methods total protein was determined by lowery method. bovine lens alr2 was partially purified by gel filtration chromatography on sephadextm g25. bovine cortex kidney alr1 was partially purified by diethylaminoethyl (deae) precipitation. the hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from frozen propolis. the enzyme activity and sorbitol accumulation in erythrocytes were determined spec...

In vitro plantlets and callus of M. longifolia were established and their volatile constituents characterized by GC-MS analysis of their headspaces (HSs) and essential oils (EOs). Significant quali-quantitative differences were found in the aromatic fingerprints in comparison with the M. longifolia parent plants. In fact, limonene and carvone were the main constituents in the EOs of the mother ...

background & aim: essential oil of pennyroyal (mentha pulegium l.) has many applications in food, perfume and pharmaceutical industries. the aim of this study was to determine the content and chemical constituents of pennyroyal essential oil growing wild in southern iran. experimental: the aerial parts of the plant were collected around hajiabad, hormozgan province in 2013. the essential oi...