Increased vascular permeability characterizes lung injury pulmonary edema and renders fluid balance in the injured lung especially sensitive to changes in hydrostatic pressure. Pulmonary edema is often associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity which can lead to pulmonary venoconstriction. This postcapillary venoconstriction could raise microvascular pressure and might theref...

Cardiac catheterization was performed on seven children after recovery from high-altitude pulmonary edema. All were life-long residents at elevations above 10,000 feet. Three of the seven had developed pulmonary edema without antecedent travel to low altitude but had an upper respiratory infection. Response of pulmonary arterial pressure to 16% inspired oxygen in all seven was compared with tha...

T he notions that pulmonary edema can be caused only by failure of the heart’s left ventricle, and that the occurrence of pulmonary edema incontestably establishes the presence of left ventricular failure, together comprise a system of circular reasoning that has stifled thinking for decades. However, a work published years ago1 showed that pulmonary edema is a syndrome of many mechanisms and r...

THE development of pulmonary edema in mitral stenosis is often attributed to increased left atrial pressure. Moreover, pulmonary edema is commonly observed in patients with high left atrial pressure from any cause. It is remarkable, however, that pulmonary edema does not necessarily occur even at left atrial or pulmonary "capillary" pressure considerably above plasma oncotic pressure.' 2

Neurogenic pulmonary edema is a clinical situation which developes as a result of central nervous system injury. It is rare in the childhood. Neurogenic pulmonary edema is a clinical diagnosis. Although the pathogenesis is not elucidated well, there is increase in pulmonary interstitial and alveolar fluid. The main principle in treatment of neurogenic pulmonary edema is supportive treatment and...

Case Two cases of cardiogenic unilateral pulmonary edema are reported. Both patients presented to the emergency department with dyspnea, and chest radiography revealed unilateral infiltration, which mimics pulmonary disease. However, the patients were diagnosed with cardiogenic pulmonary edema, because echocardiography showed severe mitral regurgitation with an eccentric jet. Outcome The pati...

Hemodynamic changes and samples of fluid from pulmonary edema were studied in a 50-year-old woman who developed florid pulmonary edema following intracranial hemorrhage. Marked systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension were associated with the rapid production of edema fluid that contained red blood cells, but had a lower protein content than plasma. After restoration of pulmonary vascular p...