One of the most important and toxic heavy metals in wastewater is chromium. Cr (VI) is released from different industrial operations, including metallurgy, leather tanning, paint, textile industries, chemical manufacturing, pulp production, ore and petroleum refining, metal corrosion, electroplating products etc. Hexavalent chromium is toxic, carcinogenic, probably mutagenic and highly soluble....

Wood fiber industries are producing large amounts of wastewater, which are discharged into the environment everyday. This type of wastewater with high pollution potential in suspended solids, COD and color, are required to be treated before entering to the receiving environment. North part of Iran is covered by huge land of forests. Several pulp and paper industries are located in the area. One...

By Erik Robert Coats, Ph.D. Washington State University December 2005 Chairs: Michael P. Wolcott, Frank J. Loge Biologically-derived polyesters known as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a potentially sustainable replacement to fossil fuel-based thermoplastics. However, current production practices do not achieve this objective. Herein we report on the production of PHA with a mixed microb...

The paper industry is adopting zero liquid effluent technologies to reduce freshwater use and meet environmental regulations, which implies closure of water circuits and the progressive accumulation of pollutants that must be removed before water reuse and final wastewater discharge. The traditional water treatment technologies that are used in paper mills (such as dissolved air flotation or bi...

Presented in this paper is a graphical technique for freshwater and wastewater minimisation in completely batch operations. Water minimisation is achieved through the exploitation of inter- and intra-process water reuse and recycle opportunities. In the context of this paper, a completely batch operation is one in which water reuse or recycle can only be effected either at the start or the end ...

Paper mills generate large quantities of wastewater and sludge waste depending on the type paper making processes employed. This poses several problems regarding treatment, discharge, disposal. Whenever is generated, it should be treated in treatment plants prior to being released environment since can polluting dangerous. A study was conducted at Star Mills Ltd. Saharanpur, UP demonstrate exis...

: Jackfruit is a fruit tree species distributed mainly in Southeast Asia and Brazil. The pulp skin of jackfruit are widely used various fields such as food, medicine, interior decoration. However, the processing into edible usable products generates large quantity agricultural waste. In this review, we focused on summarizing environmental applications waste wastewater treatment. Specifically, p...

This study describes the temporal and spatial variability of bacterial communities within a combined sewer system in England. Sampling was conducted over 9 months in a sewer system with intensive monitoring of hydraulic conditions. The bacterial communities were characterized by 16S rRNA gene-targeted terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. These data were related to the hyd...