BACKGROUND No automated methods exist to objectively monitor and evaluate the diagnostic process while physicians review computerized medical images. The present study tested whether using eye tracking to monitor tonic and phasic pupil dynamics may prove valuable in tracking interpretive difficulty and predicting diagnostic accuracy. METHODS Pathologists interpreted digitized breast biopsies ...

PURPOSE To examine the physiological optics of photorefractive corneal surgery and to study the effect on glare production of the optical zone diameter. METHODS An optical analysis computer program was used to generate rays that define the edge of the optical zone for any given pupil size and glare-free field. RESULTS The optical zone diameter must be based on the postoperative corneal curv...

Pupillometry is a promising method for assessing mental workload and could be helpful in the optimization of systems that involve human–computer interaction. The present study focuses on replicating the studies by Ahern (1978) and Klingner (2010), which found that for three levels of difficulty of mental multiplications, the more difficult multiplications yielded larger dilations of the pupil. ...

The subliminal mere exposure effect (SMEE) is the phenomenon wherein people tend to prefer patterns they have repeatedly observed without consciously identifying them. One popular explanation for the SMEE is that perceptual fluency within exposed patterns is misattributed to a feeling of preference for those patterns. Assuming that perceptual fluency is negatively correlated with the amount of ...

Pupil diameter was measured in darkness and in dull and bright illumination in 39 migrainous patients and in 15 tension headache sufferers during headache. In 21 migrainous patients, measurements were repeated during the headache-free interval. Mean pupil diameter was smaller in patients with common migraine at the time of examination than in 20 nonheadache control subjects, and smaller on the ...

PURPOSE Glare problems originating from bright lights are generally experienced more strongly at night. The typical disability glare is known to result from retinal straylight. In this study, the effects of pupil diameter and, especially in the case of small pupils, of eye wall translucency on the amount of retinal straylight were investigated. METHODS Straylight was measured as a function of...

is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This article proposes a method based on wavelet transform and neural networks for relating pupillary behavior to psychological stress. The proposed method was tested by recording pupil diameter and electrodermal activity during a simulated drivi...

The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effects of hypnotic pain control on experimental pain by measuring pupil reactions as an objective psycho-physiologic parameter. Twenty-two healthy volunteers (11 female and 11 male) aged between 22 and 35 years participated in the study. Pupil diameter was measured as baseline measurement (i.e., static measurement) in the non-hypnotic and ...

Psychopathic individuals show a range of affective processing deficits, typically associated with the interpersonal/affective component of psychopathy. However, previous research has been inconsistent as to whether psychopathy, within both offender and community populations, is associated with deficient autonomic responses to the simple presentation of affective stimuli. Changes in pupil diamet...

PURPOSE To study the effect of pupil size on the relationship between refractive astigmatism and uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and pseudoaccommodation in pseudophakic eyes. METHODS Thirty-six eyes from 36 patients who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were included. All eyes were divided into two groups based on the presence of postoperative-wit...