BACKGROUND Rifampin and pyrazinamide are recommended for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in adults without HIV infection, but reports of severe hepatotoxicity have raised concerns about its safety. Clinical trials have not compared this treatment with isoniazid in adults without HIV infection. OBJECTIVE To compare the safety and tolerance of a 2-month regimen of rifampin and pyrazi...

The pncA gene codes the pyrazinamidase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which converts pyrazinamide to ammonia and pyrazinoic-acid, the active antituberculous compound. Pyrazinamidase mutations are associated to pyrazinamide-resistant phenotype, however how mutations affect the structure of the pyrazinamidase, and how structural changes affect the enzymatic function and the level of pyrazinamide-...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Pyrazinamide is an important front line antimycobacterial drug, which is also being used in the treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis along with second line drugs in DOTS plus programme. Conventional testing of pyrazinamide on solid medium is difficult as it is active at acidic pH. Therefore, there is a need for a rapid and simple method for susceptibility testi...

To truly transform the landscape of tuberculosis treatment, novel regimens containing at least 2 new drugs are needed to simplify the treatment of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. As part of an ongoing effort to evaluate novel drug combinations for treatment-shortening potential in a murine model, we performed two long-term, relapse-based experiments. In the first...

A simple, sensitive and fast throughput high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLCMS/MS) method has been developed for the determination of pyrazinamide. The method involved protein precipitation of pyrazinamide and pyrazinamide-D3 as the internal standard (ISTD) in Acetic Acid in water 1%v/v: Acetonitrile (15:85v/v) from 100μL human plasma. The chromatographic separa...

A simple, rapid, economic, accurate, and precise method for the estimation of rifampicin in a mixture of isoniazid and pyrazinamide by UV spectrophotometeric technique (guided by the theoretical investigation of physicochemical properties) was developed and validated. Theoretical investigations revealed that isoniazid and pyrazinamide both were freely soluble in water and slightly soluble in et...

Numerous studies have reported low concentrations of antituberculosis drugs in tuberculosis (TB) patients, but few studies have examined whether low drug concentrations affect TB treatment response. We examined steady-state plasma concentrations of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide at 2 h after the administration of drugs (C(2 h)) among 181 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia ...

We developed a pyrazinamidase gene DNA-sequencing method to rapidly identify pyrazinamide resistance-causing mutations in GenoLyse-treated, smear-positive sputum specimens. The sensitivity and specificity were 90.9 and 100%, respectively, compared to those of MGIT drug susceptibility testing, after the exclusion of synonymous mutations and nonsynonymous mutations previously associated with susc...

A radiometric method for testing the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to pyrazinamide in egg-yolk-enriched 12A medium (pH 5.5) is described. We obtained 100% agreement between the 7H10 agar method with 25 microgram of pyrazinamide per ml and the modified radiometric method with a drug concentration of 50 microgram/ml in tests of 90 clinical isolates.