[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a functional foot orthosis on the knee angle in the sagittal plane of college students in their 20s who had flatfoot. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 20 college students diagnosed as having flatfoot. The variations of their knee angle (Q-angle) in the sagittal plane during the stance phase were measured usi...

Imaging techniques are used in many diverse areas such as geophysics, astronomy, medical diagnostics, and police work. The goal of imaging varies widely from determining the density of the Earth’s interior to reading license plates from blurred photographs to issue speeding fines. A typical linear imaging problem involves extracting a source from measured data, where the data is represented as ...

We give a new notion of angle in general metric spaces; more precisely, given a triple a points p, x, q in a metric space (X, d), we introduce the notion of angle cone ∠pxq as being an interval ∠pxq := [∠pxq,∠ + pxq], where the quantities ∠ ± pxq are defined in terms of the distance functions from p and q via a duality construction of differentials and gradients holding for locally Lipschitz fu...

To calculate the pressure pulsations in pipelines in frequency domain, it is necessary to linearize the nonlinear damping function jqjq, under the condition that the flow q is periodic, but not sinusoidal. The authors have proposed an idea that two equivalent linearization coefficients should be determined in such cases. To verify the idea, the responses of pressure pulsation in a simple pipeli...

Polyethersulfone (PES)-based anion exchange blend membranes were prepared from quaternized-PES (Q-PES) and N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) casting solutions with water as coagulant via non-solvent induced phase inversion. The compatibility of the blend system was investigated through thermodynamic studies while membrane formation was determined using the cloud point techni...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the q-angle and anterior knee pain severity, functional capacity, dynamic knee valgus and hip abductor torque in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). METHODS This study included 22 women with PFPS. The q-angle was assessed using goniometry: the participants were positioned in dorsal decubitus with the knee and hip extended, and the ...

High speed video imaging and an inverse heat conduction problem algorithm were used to observe and measure the effect of the angle between the nozzle and surface of a skin phantom on: (a) surface temperature; (b) heat flux q; and (c) overall heat extraction Q during cryogen spray cooling (CSC). A skin phantom containing a fast-response temperature sensor was sprayed with 50 ms cryogen spurts fr...

The microscopic network structure of surfactant-stabilized single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water was investigated as a function of SWNT concentration in the semidilute (overlapping) regime using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). Most of the samples exhibit rigid rod behavior (i.e., Q(-1) intensity variation) at large scattering wavevector, Q, and a crossover to network behavior (i....

We give a proof of the monotonicity of the volume of nonobtuse-angled compact convex polyhedra in terms of their dihedral angles. More exactly we prove the following. Let P and Q be nonobtuse-angled compact convex polyhedra of the same simple combinatorial type in hyperbolic 3-space. If each (inner) dihedral angle of Q is at least as large as the corresponding (inner) dihedral angle of P , then...

J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 2005;87-B:1498-501. Received 9 March 2005; Accepted after revision 14 June 2005 The Q angle is an important determinant of patellar tracking, though its clinical relevance is debatable. One controversy centres around any possible differences in its value between men and women. The accepted, though unproven explanation, for the greater Q angle in women is that a woman has ...