BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate whether repetitive optimizing left ventricular pacing configurations (LVPCs) with quadripolar leads (QUAD) can improve response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). METHODS Fifty-two eligible patients were enrolled and 1:1 randomized to either the quadripolar LV leads (QUAD) group or the conventional bipolar leads (CONV) group. In the QUAD gro...

In this paper a number of 4-bit, 8-operation arithmetic logic units (ALUs) are designed using the delayinsensitive NULL Convention Logic (NCL) paradigm, and are characterized in terms of speed and area. Both dualrail and quad-rail, pipelined and non-pipelined versions are developed, and the tradeoffs and design considerations for each are discussed. Comparing the various architectures shows tha...

In this paper, a new approach (scheme) to the analysis of quad-trees in the discrete wavelet spectrum of a digital image is proposed. During the pre-scanning phase, the proposed scheme generates problem-oriented binary codes for the whole set of quad-tree roots (wavelet coefficients) and thereby accumulates information on the significance of respective descendants (wavelet coefficients comprisi...

In this paper we introduce a new subdivision operator that unifies triangular and quadrilateral subdivision schemes. Designers often want the added flexibility of having both quads and triangles in their models. It is also well known that triangle meshes generate poor limit surfaces when using a quad scheme, while quad-only meshes behave poorly with triangular schemes. Our new scheme is a gener...

Many reasoning problems in Knowledge Representation can be reduced to the satisfiability problem of propositional logic. Since Cook proved that satisfiability is NP-Complete, several classes of propositional formulas have been identified for which satisfiability is polynomially solvable. These polynomial classes form the basis of several tractable knowledge representation systems, for example, ...

To the Editor: We have previously shown that the Orbscan (Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, New York) was unable to map the corneal surfaces in eyes with shallow anterior chambers , displaying a clonic quad map, and that the clonic quad map disappeared after YAG iridotomy. 1 We now report a case of clonic quad map with Orbscan in a patient with shallow anterior chambers that resolved after pupillary di...

This paper introduces entropy quad-trees, which are structures derived from quad-trees by allowing nodes to split only when those correspond to sufficiently complex sub-domains of a data domain. Complexity is evaluated using an information-theoretic measure based on the analysis of the entropy associated to sets of objects designated by nodes. An alternative measure related to the concept of bo...

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with smooth boundary, we study the following elliptic Dirichlet problem $$ \begin{cases} -\Delta\upsilon= e^{\upsilon}-s\phi_1-4\pi\alpha\delta_p-h(x)\,\,\,\, \,\textrm{in}\,\,\,\,\,\Omega,\\ \upsilon=0 \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad \qquad\qquad\quad\quad\,\,\,\, \textrm{on}\,\ \,\partial\Omega, \end{cases} where $s > 0$ is large parameter, $h...

QUAD stream cipher is a symmetric cipher based on multivariate public-key cryptography(MPKC), which uses multivariate polynomials as encryption keys. It holds the provable security property based on the computational hardness assumption. More specifically, the security of QUAD depends on the hardness of solving non-linear multivariate quadratic systems over a finite field, which is known as an ...

A new quad-quaternion model is herein established for an electromagnetic vector-sensor array, under which a multidimensional algebra-based direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm, termed as quad-quaternion MUSIC (QQ-MUSIC), is proposed. This method provides DOA estimation (decoupled from polarization) by exploiting the orthogonality of the newly defined “quadquaternion” signal and noise...