The elementary excitations of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) fluids are vortices with fractional statistics. Yet, this fundamental prediction has remained an open experimental challenge. Here we show that the cross-current noise in a three-terminal tunneling experiment of a two dimensional electron gas in the FQH regime can be used to detect directly the statistical angle of the excitations of t...

In this paper we study the properties of vortices in two dimensional quantum antiferromagnets with spin magmitude S on a square lattice within the framework of Schwinger-boson mean-field theory. Based on a continuum description, we show that vortices are stable topological excitations in the disordered state of quantum antiferromagnets. Furthermore, we argue that vortices can be divided into tw...

We study the coherence properties of optical vortices stored in atomic ensembles. In the presence of thermal diffusion, the topological nature of stored optical vortices is found not to guarantee slow decoherence. Instead the stored vortex state’s decoherence is surprisingly larger than the stored Gaussian mode. Furthermore, calculation of the coherence factor shows that the center of the store...

Quantum tunneling of vortices has been found to be an important novel phenomena for description of low temperature creep in high temperature superconductors (HTSCs). We speculate that quantum tunneling may be also exhibited in mesoscopic superconductors due to vortices trapped by the Bean-Livingston barrier. The London approximation and method of images is used to estimate the shape of the pote...

A vortex in a superfluid gas inside an optical lattice can behave as a massive particle moving in a periodic potential and exhibiting quantum properties. In this Letter we discuss these properties and show that the excitation of vortex motions in a two-dimensional lattice can lead to striking measurable changes in its dynamic response. It would be possible by means of Bragg spectroscopy to carr...

We study the various quantum aspects of the N = 2 supersymmetric Maxwell Chern-Simons vortex systems. The fermion zero modes around the vortices will give rise the degenerate states of vortices. We analyze the angular momentum of these zero modes and apply the result to get the supermultiplet structures of the vortex. The leading quantum correction to the mass of the vortex coming from the mode...

Some models describing unconventional fractional quantum Hall states predict quasiparticles that obey non-Abelian quantum statistics. The most prominent example is the Moore-Read model for the n=5/2 state, in which the ground state is a superconductor of composite fermions, the charged excitations are vortices in that superconductor, and the non-Abelian statistics is closely linked to the degen...

We explore the experimental implications of a recent theory of the quantum dynamics of vortices in superfluids proximate to Mott insulators. The theory predicts modulations in the local density of states in the regions over which the vortices execute their quantum zero point motion. We use the spatial extent of such modulations in scanning tunnelling microscopy measurements (Hoffman et al , Sci...

Spin-triplet superfluids can support exotic objects, such as half-quantum vortices characterized by the nontrivial winding of the spin structure. We present cantilever magnetometry measurements performed on mesoscopic samples of Sr(2)RuO(4), a spin-triplet superconductor. With micrometer-sized annular-shaped samples, we observed transitions between integer fluxoid states as well as a regime cha...

We show that vortices, induced in cold atom superfluids in optical lattices, may order in a novel vortex-Peierls ground state. In such a state vortices do not form a simple lattice but arrange themselves in clusters, within which the vortices are partially delocalized, tunneling between classically degenerate configurations. We demonstrate that this exotic quantum many-body state is selected by...