Burn-in faces significant challenges in recent CMOS technologies. The self-generated heat of each IC in a burn-in environment contributes to larger currents that can lead to further increase in junction temperatures, possible thermal run away, and yield-loss of good parts. Calculations show that the junction temperature is increasing by 1.45X/generation. This paper estimates the increase in jun...

The influence of microwave treatment on the surface roughness, hydrophobicity, and chemical composition of galena was studied. The pure galena specimens and purified galena concentrate were used in this work. A conventional multi-modal oven (with a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a maximum power of 900 W) was used to conduct the experiments. The results obtained from the atomic-force microscopy analy...

The film formation of an acrylate latex with a glass-transition temperature of 38 °C has been achieved through the use of near-infrared (NIR) radiative heating. A hard, crack-free coating was obtained without the addition of plasticizers. Sintering of acrylate particles was confirmed through measurements using atomic force microscopy. The addition of an NIR-absorbing polymer increased the rate ...

Bread baking technology has an important effect on starch digestibility measured as its predicted glycemic index tested in vitro. The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes in predicted glycemic index of pound cake baked in a two-cycle microwave toaster and a conventional oven. The glycemic index was calculated from hydrolysis index values by the Granfeldt method. Non-significant differen...

I evaluated solar oven usage and wood consumption in northern Nicaragua during both the rainy and dry seasons using surveys, temperature dataloggers placed in solar ovens, and direct measurements of wood consumption. Solar oven owners surveyed reported usage on 79% of days during the dry season, and 41% of days during the rainy season. I compared these results with oven temperature records, and...

The new Lcica RM 2165 automatic, heavy-duty microtome has an advanced step motor that permits an exact specimen feed and reproducible sectioning results. Features include 70 mm vertical stroke length, unique step trim function, and programmable specimen retraction. Technical features include a handwheel rocking sectioning mode; the motorized specimen feed can be linked to change the handwheel t...

A thermal model of the infrared reflow process has been developed for an FR-4 card populated with an array of Solder Ball Connect (SBC) modules. The analysis of the threedimensional, transient, finite element model accounts for radiative exchange within the infrared oven and for the heat conduction (nonisotropic) within the modules and card. Transient temperature profiles of selected points and...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to determine the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) apoptosis in coke oven workers so that we can take effective measures to protect coke oven workers. METHODS The subjects, 129 coke oven workers and 37 warehouse workers (controls), were investigated using a questionnaire to collect information about their age, working years, smoking and drink...

Objectives are to investigate the effects of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) on the autonomic nervous system of coke oven workers. One hundred eighty-four coke oven workers were divided into 3 groups according to their working sites (coke oven bottom group, coke oven side group and coke oven top group), and 93 referents were recruited. B[a]P monitored by air sampling pumps as well as urinary 1-hydroxypy...

In the study of thin film preparation using a low cost microwave induced plasma method, we have carried out calorimetric power analysis in a microwave oven with different loads. The calorimetric calibration was done with various heating loads like coconut oil, engine oil, fruit juice and water. The power consumption of water was higher when compared to other loads. The results show the comparis...