BACKGROUND This is a systematic review of studies on the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the tibiofemoral joint more than 10 years after an anterior cruciate ligament injury, the radiologic classification methods used, and risk factors for development of knee osteoarthritis. METHODS A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and AMED. Inclusion criteria were studies involving patien...

Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare disorder of unknown etiology and may be seen isolated or as a part of multifocal fibrosclerosis. It is important to distinguish Riedel's thyroiditis from thyroid carcinoma. Reports about imaging features of Riedel's thyroiditis are limited in the radiologic literature. We describe herein CT and MR imaging features of Riedel's thyroiditis in a case of multifocal fi...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neuro-radiologic diagnosis that has become more widely recognized and reported over the past few decades. As such, there are a number of known risk factors that contribute to the development of this syndrome, including volatile blood pressures, renal failure, cytotoxic drugs, autoimmune disorders, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia. This report...

Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome (DDMS) is a syndrome associated with refractory epilepsy. DDMS is a rare syndrome characterized by seizures, facial asymmetry, contralateral hemiplegia and mental retardation. The characteristic radiologic features are cerebral hemiatrophy with homolateral hypertrophy of the skull and sinuses. The case was an 18 years old female with seizures, hemiparesis of the ri...

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Define the triad of signs and symptoms that describe Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. 2. Speculate on the various theories regarding its pathogenesis. 3. Discuss the necessary radiologic workup required to pursue appropriate management. 4. Restate the most common reasons for surgically treating this syndrome. 5. ...

SUMMARY Grisel's syndrome is an unusual but important cause of torticollis which may be encountered in a pediatric plastic surgery practice, where craniofacial and oropharyngeal surgeries are commonly performed. Grisel's syndrome is characterized by painful torticollis and limited cervical rotation, and the diagnosis is confirmed via radiologic imaging. Initial management of Grisel's syndrome i...