PURPOSE Predominant causes of head and neck cancer recurrence after radiotherapy are rapid repopulation, hypoxia, fraction of cancer stem cells, and intrinsic radioresistance. Currently, intrinsic radioresistance can only be assessed by ex vivo colony assays. Besides being time-consuming, colony assays do not identify causes of intrinsic resistance. We aimed to identify a biomarker for intrinsi...

OBJECTIVES Though the external beam radiation therapy is a standard treatment option for both organ-confined and regionally advanced prostate cancer, unluckily, despite more and more effective advances in radiation delivery procedures, the prostate cancer radioresistance still occurs in a significant amount of patients undergone radiotherapy. This review aims to highlight the molecular aberrati...

BACKGROUND Radioresistance is the main limit to the efficacy of radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). SHP-1 is involved in cancer progression, but its role in radioresistance and senescence of NPC is not well understood. This study aimed to assess the role of SHP-1 in the radioresistance and senescence of NPC cells. METHODS SHP-1 was knocked-down and overexpressed in CNE-1 and CNE-2...

Radioresistance remains a major problem in the treatment of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in the development, invasion, and metastasis of various tumors, including HSCC, but little is known about the role of lncRNAs in cancer radioresistance. The aim of this study was to identify radioresistance-related lncRNAs an...

Identifying biomarkers and signaling pathways are important for the management of prostate cancer (CaP) radioresistance. In this study, we identified differential proteins and signaling pathways from parental CaP cell lines and CaP radioresistant (RR) sublines using a label-free LC-MS/MS proteomics approach. A total of 309 signaling pathway proteins were identified to be significantly altered b...

Most solid tumors contain hypoxic and nutrient-deprived microenvironments. The cancer cells in these microenvironments have been reported to exhibit radioresistance. We previously that nutrient starvation increases the expression and/or activity of ATM DNA-PKcs, which are involved repair DNA double-strand breaks induced by ionizing radiation. In present study, elucidate molecular mechanisms und...

Protracted exposure of dogs to low daily doses of whole-body gamma-radiation (7.5 cGy/day for duration of life) elicits a high incidence of myeloid leukemia or related myeloproliferative disorders. Under such exposure, vital hematopoietic progenitors [granulocyte/monocyte colony-forming units in agar (CFU-GM)] acquire increased radioresistance along with renewed proliferative capacity at an ear...

The mechanisms underlying lung cancer radioresistance remain to be fully elucidated. The DNA repair pathway is a predominant target of radiotherapy, which is considered to be involved in the acquired radioresistance of cancer cells. The present study aimed to establish a radioresistant cell model using the A549 human lung cancer cell line, and to further investigate the potential mechanisms und...

PURPOSE The comparison of cell lines with differing radiosensitivities and their molecular response to radiation exposure has been used in a number of human cancer models to study the molecular response to radiation. This review proposes to analyze and compare the protocols used by investigators for the development and validation of these isogenic models of radioresistance. CONCLUSION There i...

The identification of genetic determinants that underpin tumor radioresistance can help the development of targeted radiosensitizers or aid personalization of radiotherapy treatment. Here we identify signal recognition particle 72kDa (SRP72) as a novel gene involved in radioresistance. Knockdown of SRP72 resulted in significant radiosensitization of HeLa (cervical), PSN-1 (pancreatic), and T24 ...