The variations in summer precipitation according to different grades and their effects on drought/flooding the Haihe River basin were analyzed using daily data from 161 meteorological stations 1972 2021. results showed that number of rainy days (NRD) significantly declined past 50 years, mainly due reduction light-rain days. amount (PA) exhibited prominent interdecadal characteristics, showing ...

drought as a climatic phenomenon affected many different environmental issues and generally is associated with the decreasing in average precipitation. evaluation and monitoring of the drought is a fundamental step in proper programming of water resources management. regarding the recent conditions water scarcity in the urmia lake basin, assessment of the drought index in this region is inevita...

Empirical policy research often focuses on causal inference. Since policy choices seem to depend on understanding the counterfactual–what happens with and without a policy–this tight link of causality and policy seems natural. While this link holds in many cases, we argue that there are also many policy applications where causal inference is not central, or even necessary. Consider two toy exam...

Grazinglands support the livelihoods of millions of people around the world, as well as supply critical ecosystem services. Communities reliant on rain-fed rangelands are potentially the most vulnerable to increasing climate variability given their dependence on highly climate-sensitive resources. Droughts, which are gradual natural hazards, pose substantial and recurrent economic and ecologica...

Current climate change models predict significant changes in rainfall patterns across Europe. To explore the effect of drought on soil CO2 efflux (FSoil) and on the contribution of litter to FSoil we used rain shelters to simulate a summer drought (May to July 2007) in an intensively managed grassland in Switzerland by reducing annual precipitation by around 30% similar to the hot and dry year ...

Abstract Rain‐out shelters provide an effective tool to establish controlled water‐stress environments by excluding undesired rain events and have been widely used in the selection breeding of cool‐season turfgrass for improved drought tolerance. However, efficiency recurrent using rain‐out has seldomly investigated. In this study, we documented process tall fescue one cycle selection, compared...

In recent years, global climate change has altered precipitation patterns, causing uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation that gradually induces precipitation polarization phenomena. Taiwan is located in the subtropical climate zone, with distinct wet and dry seasons, which makes the polarization phenomenon more obvious; this has also led to a large difference between river f...

earliness and drought escape are as a primary strategy for plant adaptation in regions that plants are subjected to terminal drought stress. plants react to drought through morphological changes and alteration in physiological behavior. accordingly, two separate experiments to assess the response of yield and morphophysiological characteristics of earliness chickpea genotypes to drought stress ...