Microinjection of neurotensin into the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) produces a potent and naloxone-insensitive analgesic effect. To test the hypothesis that neurotensin induces the analgesic effect by activating the PAG-rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) descending antinociceptive pathway, PAG neurons that project to RVM (PAG-RVM) were identified by microinjecting DiI(C18), a retrograde t...

We carry out extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional uniformly frustrated XY model with uncorrelated randomly perturbed couplings, as a model for the equilibrium behavior of an extreme type-II superconductor with quenched uncorrelated random point vortex pinning, in the presence of a uniform applied magnetic field. We map out the resulting phase diagram as a function of tempe...

In this research, a comparison of the relevance vector machine (RVM), least square support vector machine (LSSVM) and the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) for evaporation duct estimation are presented. The parabolic equation model is adopted as the forward propagation model, and which is used to establish the training database between the radar sea clutter power and the evaporation ...

The objective and automated monitoring of depression using behavioral signals is confounded by the wide clinical profile of this commonly occurring mood disorder. This paper introduces Relevance Vector Machines, a novel method for predicting clinical depression scores from paralinguistic cues. It highlights many of the advantages RVM can offer depression prediction; sparsity, implicit noise cha...

The parabrachial complex (PB) is a functionally and anatomically complex structure involved in a range of homeostatic and sensory functions, including nociceptive transmission. There is also evidence that PB can engage descending pain-modulating systems, the best characterized of which is the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). Two distinct classes of RVM neurons, "ON-cells" and "OFF-cells," ex...

Activation of neurons in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) directly modulates spinal nociceptive transmission by projections to the spinal cord dorsal horn and indirectly by projections to neurons in the dorsolateral pons (DLP) that project to the spinal cord dorsal horn. However, it is not known whether the same neurons in the RVM produce both direct and indirect modulation of nociception...

This DNS study is focused on the structure of turbulence in a boundary layer. First, it is not appropriate to call the turbulent flow as a “random” motion. Any mean flow like Blasius solution, which is a Navier-Stokes solution, added by white noise or random perturbation would be rejected by Navier-Stokes equations and the perturbation will be damped quickly. The governing Navier-Stokes equatio...

In the oil layer recognition, Relevance vector machines (RVM) have a good effect. But the single kernel function RVM has some limitations, a kind of multi-kernel function RVM based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed, which includes the model parameter estimation, model optimization on multi-kernel function RVM, PSO-based training, and recognition. The results of simulation experim...

The random vortex world-surface model is an infrared effective model of Yang-Mills dynamics based on center vortex degrees of freedom. These degrees of freedom carry topological charge through writhe and self-intersection of their world-surfaces. A practical implementation of the model realizes the vortex world-surfaces by composing them of elementary squares on a hypercubic lattice. The topolo...

A coherent-vortex analysis is made of a computational solution for the free decay of homogeneous, Charney-isotropic geostrophic turbulence at large Reynolds number. The method of analysis is a vortex detection and measurement algorithm that we call a vortex census. The census demonstrates how, through non-conservative interactions among closely approaching vortices, the vortex population evolve...