the present study was planned to investigate the efficiency of explicit teaching and adequacy of the l2 learners' exposure to l2 input in academic contexts in iran. the case at hand was the acquisition of referential, quasi and expletive subject pronouns, as three different types of obligatory subjects in english. 96 iranian efl learners were selected from two universities in isfahan. they were...

the present study sought to investigate the acquisition of referential, quasi and expletive subject pronouns, three different types of obligatory subjects in english, by adult persian speaking l2 learners of english at different stages of l2 acquisition. a grammaticality judgment test and a translation test were designed and developed to elicit the participants' knowledge of obligatory subjects...

Three formal models of category learning, the rational model (Anderson, 1990), the configural-cue model (Gluck & Bower, 1988a), and ALCOVE (Kruschke, 1992), were evaluated on their ability to account for differential learning of hierarchically structured categories. An experiment using a theoretically challenging category structure developed by Lassaline, Wisniewski, and Medin (1992) is reporte...

Multiple attribute search is a central feature of economic life: we consider much more than price when purchasing a home, and more than wage when choosing a job. Nevertheless, while single attribute search problems have been studied extensively, little is known about optimal search in multiple attribute environments. I introduce a partial characterization of optimal sequential search in a probl...

The paper explores the conditions that determine the effect of rule enforcement policies that imply an attempt to punish all the visible violations of the rule. We start with a simple game-theoretic analysis that highlights the value of gentle COntinuous Punishment (gentle COP) policies. If the subjects of the rule are rational, gentle COP can eliminate violations even when the rule enforcer ha...

Polynomial and rational interpolation and multipoint evaluation are classical subjects, which remain central for the theory and practice of algebraic and numerical computing and have extensive applications to sciences, engineering and signal and image processing. In spite of long and intensive study of these subjects, several major problems remained open. We achieve substantial progress, based ...

A recent empirical study claims to show that the answer to Molyneux's question is negative, but, as John Schwenkler points out, its findings are inconclusive: Subjects tested in this study probably lacked the visual acuity required for a fair assessment of the question. Schwenkler is undeterred. He argues that the study could be improved by lowering the visual demands placed on subjects, a sugg...

The article presents some results of a qualitative study the phenomenology perception art. As main results, we received an aesthetic preference for directions realism and impressionism by most subjects. Aesthetic experience can be described in categories rational emotional. evaluation paintings is dominated categories. category emotional highly differentiated includes various types emotions: et...

This is an experimental study of fairness perceptions of different procedures for collective decision-making. Procedures that are equivalent in a materialistic sense are viewed differently by subjects in terms of fairness. More than 60% of our subjects belong to one of two “types”: “rational” types who have a materialistic view of procedures, and “emotional” types who exhibit a systematic fairn...

2.1 Series over a graded monoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1.1 Graded monoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.2 Topology on K〈〈M〉〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Distance on K〈〈M〉〉 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....