OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between men's age and DNA damage repair proteins related to apoptosis in human testicular germ cells. DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. SETTING Academic institutions. PATIENT(S) Testicular specimens were obtained from 22 fertile volunteers aged 20-82 years. INTERVENTION(S) Deoxyribonucleic acid repair markers were assessed using immunohistoch...

DNA polymerase l (Pol l) is the sole member of family X DNA polymerase in plants and plays a crucial role in nuclear DNA damage repair. Here, we report the transcriptional up-regulation of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtPoll in response to abiotic and genotoxic stress, including salinity and the DNA cross-linking agent mitomycin C (MMC). The increased sensitivity of atpoll knockout mutant...

The repair of psoralen interstrand cross-links in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves the DNA repair groups nucleotide excision repair (NER), homologous recombination (HR), and post-replication repair (PRR). In repair-proficient yeast cells cross-links induce double-strand breaks, in an NER-dependent process; the double-strand breaks are then repaired by HR. An alternate error-prone rep...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) attach poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) chains to various proteins including themselves and chromatin. Topoisomerase I (Top1) regulates DNA supercoiling and is the target of camptothecin and indenoisoquinoline anticancer drugs, as it forms Top1 cleavage complexes (Top1cc) that are trapped by the drugs. Endogenous and carcinogenic DNA lesions can also trap Top1cc. Tyros...

Lung cancer is strongly associated with exposure to tobacco smoke (1–3). Mutations in the K-ras gene have been found in 20–35% of lung adenocarcinomas of smokers (4–8), compared with about 5–7% in those of nonsmokers (7, 8), suggesting that their formation may be associated with exposure to tobacco smoke carcinogens. DNA repair helps preserve the integrity of the cellular genome by repairing DN...

Lung cancer is strongly associated with exposure to tobacco smoke (1–3). Mutations in the K-ras gene have been found in 20–35% of lung adenocarcinomas of smokers (4–8), compared with about 5–7% in those of nonsmokers (7, 8), suggesting that their formation may be associated with exposure to tobacco smoke carcinogens. DNA repair helps preserve the integrity of the cellular genome by repairing DN...

2'-O-(3-(Furan-2-yl)propyl)adenosine was synthesized and evaluated for interstrand crosslink (ICL) formation in DNA duplexes. In situ oxidation of the furan moiety with NIS showed rapid crosslink formation to dA and dC, while dT and dG were inactive.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is caused by mutations in 13 Fanc genes and renders cells hypersensitive to DNA interstrand cross-linking (ICL) agents. A central event in the FA pathway is mono-ubiquitylation of the FANCI-FANCD2 (ID) protein complex. Here, we characterize a previously unrecognized nuclease, Fanconi anemia-associated nuclease 1 (FAN1), that promotes ICL repair in a manner strictly dependent...

We investigated the efficacy and mechanism of dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT), an NF-κB inhibitor, to sensitize human lung cancer cells to X-ray killing in vitro and in vivo. We tested whether DMAPT increased the effectiveness of single and fractionated X-ray treatment through inhibition of NF-κB and/or DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Treatment with DMAPT decreased plating efficiency, i...