In many seismically active regions worldwide, massive reinforced concrete (RC) structures built before the 1970s existed. These older RC buildings, in countries having seismic history, were designed for gravity loads only. Anyway, beam-column connections influence where functions of connection shortage by transport forces like shear, moment, and torsion through beam to column. Also, it could be...

A model jor CW induced mode-misinatched dual-beam thermal lens spectrornetty using the whole probe beam profIe has been developed. This model quantitut!'vely describes the intensit4 distribution bejore and afer the thermal lens has been created. It is considered that ujter passirzg tizro~cgh the therinal lens, the TM,, Gaussian probe beam becomes the sicperposition c?f' several Guicssiun beams ...

In this paper, a new approach for nonlinear numerical modelling of the reinforced concrete shear walls with consideration of bar-concrete interaction and shear deformation is proposed. Bar and concrete stress-strain relations, the bar-concrete interaction, the shear stress-strain relation and, also, their cyclic behavior including the strength degradation and stiffness degradation are adopted a...

A critical step in performance-based seismic design is the prediction and definition of earthquake performance using terms that are meaningful to building owners. Recently, economic impact, defined as the cost of repairing earthquake damage and the building downtime required to complete the repair work, has been adopted as a meaningful measure of building performance. To enable earthquake engin...