The Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) is collecting antineutrino events generated by nuclear reactors and by Thorium and Uranium decay in the Earth interior. We comment on a systematic approach to the evaluation of the geo-neutrino contribution and of its uncertainties in KamLAND, taking into account geophysical and geochemical indications, estimates, and data. The re...

Today, 31 countries operate ∼ 450 nuclear power reactors supplying electric power to ∼ 1 billion people,∼ 15% of the world population. Nuclear reactors generate∼ 17% of global electric power needs and a number of industrialized countries depend on nuclear power for at least half of their electricity. In addition, ∼ 30 nuclear power reactors are presently under construction worldwide (Macfarlane...

INTRODUCTION The conversion of synthesis gas to methanol is practiced commercially in gas phase fixed bed reactors over a Cu/Zn/Al,O1 catalyst. However, because of the highly exothermic nature of the synthesis reactions, heat dissipation has been a bottleneck in the reactor design and process configuration. Moreover, coalderived synthesis gas, having a low H,/CO ratio, is not suitable for use i...

Abstract The Irradiation System for High-Temperature Reactors (ISHTAR) thermostatic rig will be used to irradiate advanced core material samples in conditions corresponding those prevailing the high-temperature reactors (HTRs): these include a stable temperature extending up 1000°C helium atmosphere. Computational and experimental studies concerning design have been conducted, proving possibili...

a r t i c l e i n f o The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station, which is owned by Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO), on the stock prices of the other electric power utilities in Japan. Because the other utilities were not directly damaged by the Fukushima nuclear accident, their stock price responses should reflect the ...

The ability to deposit power in the volume of plasma reactors at locations deeper than the conventional skin depth makes magnetically enhanced inductively coupled plasma ~MEICP! and helicon sources appealing for use in materials processing. Mechanisms for power deposition and electron energy transport in MEICPs have been computationally investigated using a two-dimensional ~2D! plasma equipment...

ONE ofthe grounds on which disturbance of glycolysis has been assumed to be responsible for experimentally induced degeneration of the retina is the observation recorded by Noell (1951) that injection of sodium iodoacetate abolishes the electric response of the retina much more markedly in mammals than in other species. This finding is suggestive in view of the fact that the mammalian retina is...

The review summarized the types, the geometry, and the design principle of pretreatment reactors at high solid loading of lignocellulose material. Among the reactors used, the explosion reactors and the helical stirring reactors are to be considered as the practical form for high solids loading pretreatment operation; the comminution reactors and the extruder reactors are difficult to be used a...

INTRODUCTION Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) was heavily damaged by the tsunami that resulted from the 9.0-magnitude earthquake which occurred off the coast of eastern Japan on 11 March 2011. The loss of all alternating current (AC) electrical power, even from emergency generators, disabled cooling functions and the supply of recycled water. Hydrogen explosions destroyed two reacto...

Advanced small modular reactors (SMRs) have recently been developed in many designs; therefore, nuclear energy stands out as a promising alternative to sustainability and reliability replacing fossil fuel energies microgrids. SMRs shown the best option due fact of their lower initial capital, greater scalability, siting flexibility compared large plants. Nowadays, there are several simulators a...