We explore states’ decisions to escalate disputes over their territorial claims or settle them peacefully. We complement existing arguments by accounting for the fact that states are often simultaneously entangled in multiple territorial claims. We build on previous scholarship in positing that two states involved in a territorial dispute will act based on information they glean from each other...

This paper seeks to identify the configuration of Internet governance in late 2021, focused on dispute over institutional representation and legitimacy which major regional powers find themselves. The United States, European Union, China compose a tripolar arrangement, each advancing distinct mode with unique characteristics that we strive analyze here.

The Spratly Islands Dispute in the South China Sea has been most contested maritime area recent years. This writing intends to understand disputes happening around which specify on Island is hot and being claimed by many countries surrounded island. Hence, ASEAN as supranational institution that involves with within East Asia responsible unite overcome conflict avoid any subsequent could worsen...

Understanding the causes of interstate conflict continues to be a primary goal of the field of international relations. To that end, scholars continue to rely on large datasets of conflict in the international system. This paper introduces the latest iteration in the most widely used dataset on interstate conflicts, the Militarized Interstate Dispute (MID) 4 data. In this paper we first outline...

Real-world dispute resolution should be guided by laws, even if such disputes may be resolved by bodies other than the court of laws. Hence in order to build contract dispute resolution systems we need a tool capable of representing, reasoning and programming with contract laws. In this paper we present such a tool called MoDiSo (MOdular Argumentation for DIspute ReSOlution) which combines the ...

This paper investigates how contract structure influences interfirm dispute resolution processes and outcomes by examining a unique dataset consisting of over 150,000 pages of documents relating to 102 business disputes. We find that the level of contract detail affects the type of dispute resolution approach that is adopted when conflict arises, and that different approaches are associated wit...

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) has attracted a great deal of attention amongst the legal and construction professions of the UK construction industry since the mid1980s. Not only does ADR provide an opportunity to resolve disputes more efficiently than the traditional methods of arbitration and litigation, but it also provides increased scope for the involvement of non-lawyers. Constructi...