To understand the machinery underlying a tomato cultivar harboring the Hero A gene against cyst nematode using microarrays, we first analyzed tomato gene expression in response to potato cyst nematode (PCN; Globodera rostochiensis) during the early incompatible and compatible interactions at 3 and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). Transcript levels of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and Myb-...

PR-Set7/Set8/KMT5a is the sole histone H4 lysine 20 monomethyltransferase (H4K20me1) in metazoans and is essential for proper cell division and genomic stability. We unexpectedly discovered that normal cellular levels of monomethylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me1) were also dependent on PR-Set7, but independent of its catalytic activity. This observation suggested that PR-Set7 interacts with a...

Mature, fully active human immunodeficiency virus protease (PR) is liberated from the Gag-Pol precursor via regulated autoprocessing. A chimeric protease precursor, glutathione S-transferase-transframe region (TFR)-PR-FLAG, also undergoes N-terminal autocatalytic maturation when it is expressed in Escherichia coli. Mutation of the surface residue H69 to glutamic acid, but not to several neutral...

The central component of the medial preoptic nucleus (MPNc) of the rat has served as an excellent model of sexual differentiation. The MPNc is larger in adult males than in females, and its development is regulated by perinatal gonadal hormones. Although testosterone (T) and its metabolite estradiol (E) sexually differentiate this region, the exact mechanism by which they act during development...

To further our understanding of progesterone (P) as an endocrine mammogen, a PR(lacz) knockin mouse was generated in which the endogenous progesterone receptor (PR) promoter directly regulated lacZ reporter expression. The PR(lacz) mouse revealed PR promoter activity was restricted to the epithelial compartment during the prenatal and postnatal stages of mammary gland development. At puberty, P...

UNLABELLED Immature glutamatergic synapses in cultured neurons contain high-release probability (Pr) presynaptic sites coupled to postsynaptic sites bearing GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs), which mature into low-Pr, GluN2B-deficient synapses. Whether this coordinated maturation of high-Pr, GluN2B(+) synapses to low-Pr, GluN2B-deficient synapses actually occurs in vivo, and if so, what...

Progesterone plays important roles in the regulation of female reproduction. In this study, progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA levels in rat uterus during pregnancy, labor, lactation and the estrous cycle were examined by competitive RT-PCR. During pregnancy and lactation, PR mRNA levels had decreased on day 20 of pregnancy (P20) and P21 compared with P15 but increased during labor. After a declin...

OBJECTIVE It is not known whether progesterone, which plays a key role in establishing and maintaining pregnancy, acts directly on embryos or indirectly through the mother's reproductive tract. Since the physiological effects of progesterone are mediated by progesterone receptors (PR), the expression of PR during the preimplantation stages of pig embryos was determined. DESIGN AND METHODS Pre...

Introduction Recently, a new procedure for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in sows has been established (1,2). The procedure consists of a specially designed catheter that can be passed through the cervix allowing the deposition of sperm in the uterus. Using this technique, the number of spermatozoa per dose can be reduced by up to 1 billion spermatozoa. It has been demonstrated that the IUI te...