Background and aim Changes in eating behavior can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to predict the effective factors of eating behaviors in the prevention of cardiovascular disease using the PRECEDE model. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 subjects aged from 20 to 60 years old in Kerman, Iran in 2016. The participants were se...

Based on these approaches, several types of medications, such as taste adulterants, stimulants, and tranquilizers have been tested as aids to smoking cessation (Kozlowski, in press; Raw 1978; Grabowski and Hall, this volume). Most of these medications have not been efficacious. Nicotine chewing gum is the exception (Hughes and Miller 1984). The major hypotheses to explain the efficacy of nicoti...

This study was undertaken to investigate pharmacological variables that influence the reinforcing efficacy of psychostimulants. Rhesus monkeys (n = 9) responded under a within-session, exponentially increasing, progressive ratio schedule of cocaine reinforcement. Doses of cocaine, methylphenidate (MP), cocaine analogs [(+/-)-2beta-propanoyl-3beta-(2-naphthyl)-tropane (WF-23), HD-23; (+/-)-2beta...

If two populations become geographically isolated from one another, differences in their environments can drive the evolution of new traits over time that eventually result in the emergence of two species where once there was one. Trouble arises however, when individuals from two such populations meet up again before the speciation process is complete. Although partially diverged species can st...

background : regular physical activity is important for midlife women. models and theories help better understanding this behavior among middle-aged women and better planning for change behavior in target group. this study aimed to investigate predictive factors of regular physical activity among middle-aged women based on precede model as a theoretical framework. methods : this descriptive-ana...