The aim of this study was to examine working memory (WM) modalities (visual-spatial and auditory-verbal) and processes (maintenance and manipulation) in children with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The sample consisted of 63 8-year-old children with ADHD and an age- and sex-matched non-ADHD comparison group (N=51). Auditory-verbal and visual-spatial WM were assesse...

Macrophages are diverse cell types in the rst line of anti-micro bial defense and according to subset they can promote or dampen in ammation. Only a limited number of primary models exist to study macrophage functions. Mouse bone marrow derived , M-CSF-induced macrophages (BMM) with a limited lifespan are the most common in vitro model. We developed a simple method yielding self-renewing, non-t...

Motivation: To create the enormous diversity of 1012 immunoglobulins (IG) and T cell receptors (TR) per individual, very complex mechanisms occur at the DNA level: the combinatorial diversity results from the junction of the variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes; the N-diversity represents the addition at random of nucleotides not encoded in the genome; and somatic hypermutations oc...

background:  research projects are presented at the annual meetings of the american society for surgery of the hand (assh). it is unknown how many achieve publication in peer-reviewed journals. we sought to determine current rates of publication of podium and poster presentations.   methods:  all assh podium and poster presentations from 2000 to 2005 were reviewed, and an internet-based search ...

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Adding two generators and one arbitrary relator to a nontrivial torsion-free group, we always obtain an SQ-universal group. In the course of the proof of this theorem, we obtain some other results of independent interest. For instance, adding one generator and one relator in which the exponent sum of the additional generator is one to a free product of two nontrivial torsion-free groups, we als...

We evaluated the effects of escape extinction with and without a high-probability (high-p) instructional sequence on food acceptance and inappropriate behavior for children diagnosed with feeding problems. The high-p sequence consisted of three presentations of a response that was similar topographically (i.e., presentations of an empty nuk, liquid on a spoon, and a preferred liquid on a spoon)...

It is uncertain whether frequent marijuana use adversely affects human brain function. Using positron emission tomography (PET), memory-related regional cerebral blood flow was compared in frequent marijuana users and nonusing control subjects after 26+ h of monitored abstention. Memory-related blood flow in marijuana users, relative to control subjects, showed decreases in prefrontal cortex, i...

There has been considerable debate about the relative merits of tabular and graphical presentation styles but experimental results are contradictory. One source of these inconsistencies might lie in mismatches between spatial/symbolic tasks and symbolic/spatial presentations. A comparative evaluation of tabular and graphical presentation styles for information retrieval search results was condu...

Little is known about how predator recognition develops under natural conditions. Predispositions to respond to some stimuli preferentially are likely to interact with the effects of experience. Convergent evidence from several studies suggests that predator-nai;ve tammar wallabies (Macropus eugenii) have some ability to respond to vertebrate predators differently from non-predators and that an...