Many bacteria mediate important life-style decisions by varying levels of the second messenger c-di-GMP. Behavioral transitions result from the coordination of complex cellular processes such as motility, surface adherence or the production of virulence factors and toxins. While the regulatory mechanisms responsible for these processes have been elucidated in some cases, the global pleiotropic ...

Guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate(cyclic GMP)-dependent protein kinase which catalyzes the phosphorylation of histone was purified about 200-fold from the soluble fraction of pig lung by pH 5.5 precipitation, DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The apparent Ka values for guanosine 3':5'-monophosphate and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate were determined to be about ...

The substituted porphyrin 2-cyano-3-(2'-(5',10',15',20-tetraphenyl porphyrinato zinc-(ii))yl) acrylic acid was used to modify nanostructured Ag surfaces. This porphyrin-modified surface exhibits photocurrent when exposed to a light source, which is modulated in the presence of nucleotides. The addition of the nucleotides adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) and cyt...

Bovine glycomacropeptide (GMP) is a 7,000-Da glycopolypeptide released from ?-casein during cheese making. The O-glycan chains linked to GMP have many biological activities, but their utilization for nutraceutical products limited due low content. To concentrate the functional glycan of GMP, we prepared sialylglycopeptide (SGC) GMP-containing whey protein via proteolytic digestion peptide and c...

Macrocyclic ligands 1 and 2 containing two positively charged phenanthridinium units and aminobisacetylenic bridges, exhibit significantly higher affinity toward single-stranded rather than double-stranded polynucleotides. The ligands bis-intercalate into the former and show non-intercalative interactions with the latter type of nucleic acids. Both ligands differentiate AMP from the GMP or UMP ...

Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial signaling molecule that regulates a variety of complex processes through a diverse set of c-di-GMP receptor proteins. We have utilized a systematic approach to identify c-di-GMP receptors from the pathogen Vibrio cholerae using the Differential Radial Capillary Action of Ligand Assay (DRaCALA). The DRaCALA screen identified a majority of known ...

5'-Ribonucleotides such as sodium 5'-inosinate (5'-IMP) , sodium 5'-guanylate (5'-GMP) and sodium 5'-xanthylate possess strong flavor-enhancing ability for humans when they are added in a minute quantity to monosodium glutamate (MSG), but little enhancement of taste occur by the addition of sodium 5'-uridylate (5'-UMP) and 5'-cytidylate (5'-CMP) to MSG5). ADACHI1) showed enhancement of the resp...

The 5'-ribonucleotide guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) is used widely as an umami taste stimulus and a potent flavor enhancer as it synergistically increases the umami taste elicited by monosodium glutamate. Transduction mechanisms for GMP and its synergy with glutamate are largely unknown. Using whole-cell patch-clamp and Ca(2+) imaging, we examined responses to GMP, glutamate, and a mixture o...

UNLABELLED Microorganisms use a variety of metabolites to respond to external stimuli, including second messengers that amplify primary signals and elicit biochemical changes in a cell. Levels of the second messenger cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) are regulated by a variety of environmental stimuli and play a critical role in regulating cellular processes such as biofilm formation and cellular m...

Phosphodiesterase activities for adenosine and guanosine 3’ : 5’-monophosphates (cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP) were demonstrated in particulate and soluble fractions of rat anterior pituitary gland. Both fractions contained higher activity for cyclic GMP hydrolysis than that for cyclic AMP hydrolysis when these activities were assayed at subsaturating substrate concentrations. Addition of protein ...