Using mitochondrial DNA restriction endonuclease analysis, the dynamics of the natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains present in spontaneous wine fermentations have been studied. We observed a sequential substitution of Sacch. cerevisiae strains along fermentation agreeing with different fermentation phases. When the restriction pattern's similarity (measured as the fraction of shared restric...

Restriction endonucleases are highly specific in recognizing the particular DNA sequence they act on. However, their activity is affected by sequence context, enzyme concentration and buffer composition. Changes in these factors may lead to either ineffective cleavage at the cognate restriction site or relaxed specificity allowing cleavage of degenerate 'star' sites. Additionally, uncharacteriz...

As mentioned before, we have two approaches for physical mapping: Restriction mapping and mapping by hybridization. We covered restriction mapping previously through the two problems of double digest and partial digest. We now look at mapping by hybridization. While restriction mapping involves the mapping of restriction sites (precise short sequences) of a cutting enzyme based on the lengths o...

Viral haemorrhagic disease virus (VHDV) of rabbits is a small, nonenveloped DNA virus which contains a linear, single-stranded genome approximately 7,000 bases in length. The virions are icosahedral in symmetry, consisting of 180 subunits with pentamer-hexamer clustering. The capsid is composed of four structural polypeptides: VP1:60-61 kDa, VP2:54.7 kDa, VP3:52 kDa, and VP4:26-28 kDa. VP1 is a...

A new method for isolating DNA from agarose gels is described. The method involves the simultaneous transfer of all DNA-fragments from an agarose slab gel onto DEAE-cellulose paper and the elution of the individual fragments from the paper with 1 M NaCl. DNA isolated from agarose gels in this way is susceptible to cleavage with several restriction endonucleases, and can be labeled in vitro with...

In a very influential paper Avise et al. [1] introduced the term “phylogeography” to refer to evolutionary studies lying at the interface of population genetics and systematics. An important property of molecular sequences is that the degree of difference among them contains information about their relatedness. Avise et al. proposed combining information derived from the phylogenetic relationsh...

Highly repetitive Hind III restriction fragments of 0.72-0.76 KBP from total Xenopus laevis genomic DNA are organized in a tandem like arrangement. Cloning of these fragments in pBR 322 with subsequent restriction site mapping and nucleotide sequence analysis of some selected clones showed two different types of sequences. 25-30% of material represent the oocyte specific 5 S DNA repeat units, 7...

A putative HeLa cell culture line was discovered to be contaminated with mouse cells by examination of agarose gel profiles of restriction endonuclease digests of mitochondrial DNA. The contamination was confirmed by karyotypic analysis, and by observation of the mouse satellite band in an analytical buoyant density centrifugation of total cellular DNA. Restriction endonuclease analysis of mito...