Background: Approximately 3% to 5% of obstetric patients will experience postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Even though the most common reason for postpartum hemorrhage, as the main cause of maternal death, is uterine atony; other complications such as laceration, hematoma, inversion, rupture; retained tissue or invasive placenta; and coagulopathy may result in PPH. The main cause of retained placent...

Transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) steels have a vast application in automotive industry because of theirhigh strength, high ductility and hence excellent energy absorption capacity. These characteristics of TRIPsteels are due to the existence of retained austenite in their microstructures in the ambient temperature, whichtransforms to the martensite phase during deforma...