In this paper, we present a mathematical model with experimental support of how several key parameters govern the adsorption of active retrovirus particles onto the surface of adherent cells. These parameters, including time of adsorption, volume of virus, and the number, size, and type of target cells, as well as the intrinsic properties of the virus, diffusion coefficient, and half-life (t(1/...

Background—Angiotensin II (Ang II) promotes growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) transactivation mediated through a metalloprotease-dependent shedding of heparinbinding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF). However, the identity of the metalloprotease responsible for this process remains unknown. Methods and Results—To identify the metallop...

BACKGROUND Angiotensin II (Ang II) promotes growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) transactivation mediated through a metalloprotease-dependent shedding of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF). However, the identity of the metalloprotease responsible for this process remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify the metal...

We studied the basis of tumor recurrence at sites of rejection of retrovirus-infected guinea pig fibrosarcoma cells. Tumor recurrences, in contrast to the parent tumor, lacked retroviral antigens and did not release infectious virus. When reinjected into syngeneic animals, cell lines derived from tumor recurrences grew progressively. Tumor recurrences could be infected with the homologous retro...

Alcohol, especially after prolonged and excessive consumption, results in marked alteration of host immunity and increased susceptibility to infection. To determine whether ethanol consumption exacerbates coxsackievirus B3 cardiomyopathy during murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), female C57BL/6 mice were infected with LP-BM5 retrovirus and administered 40% ethanol both in water an...

The cell surface receptors that act as portals of virus entry into animal cells have become a focus of renewed interest in recent years with the identification of receptor molecules (Wimmer, 1994). Genetic manipulation of receptor genes has enabled the mapping of virus-binding sites and of the normal functions of the receptors. Expression of human receptors in transgenic mice (e.g., for polio v...

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is a type D retrovirus associated with a contagious lung tumor of sheep, ovine pulmonary carcinoma. Other than sheep, JSRV is known to infect goats, but there is no evidence of human infection. Until now it has not been possible to study the host range for JSRV because of the inability to grow this virus in culture. Here we show that the JSRV envelope protein ...

Se presenta una revisión sobre las neoplasias diseminadas descritas en los moluscos bivalvos, así como etiologías asociadas a ellas. analiza y discute argumentos razones por cuales no ha sido posible identificar un agente causal único. Estas incluyen contaminantes antropogénicos, biotoxinas, alteraciones factores genéticos tales transposones, agentes infecciosos, particularmente retrovirus la p...

This document represents a synthesis of discussions held online at the Second Koala Retrovirus Workshop in 2021. The three days were based on workshop presentations and comprise: KoRV foundational science (Day 1); applied management koalas zoo populations 2); wild 3). Each these gathers current knowledge, explores points consensus disagreement, identifies important knowledge gaps. Recommendatio...

The release of retrovirus particles from the infected cell is greatly stimulated by short motifs, known as "late" or "L" domains, present within the Gag precursor protein. Three distinct classes of L domains have been identified; these bear the core sequence: Pro-Thr/Ser-Ala-Pro [P(T/S)AP], Pro-Pro-x-Tyr (PPxY), or Tyr-Pro-x-Leu (YPxL). A number of recent studies have demonstrated that L domain...