Constraining the inflationary epoch is one of aims modern cosmology. In order to fully exploit current and future small-scale observations, it necessary devise tools directly relate them early Universe's dynamics. We present here a novel reverse engineering approach able connect fundamental late-time observables consistent dynamics and, eventually, inflaton potential. Employing this procedure, ...

Reverse engineering involves extracting high-level information from existing code. Reverse engineering is a crucial part of software maintenance since a maintainer needs to understand the code before attempting any modiication. Many eeorts have been made to automatically extract higher-level design information from the code to facilitate various maintenance activities. But many of them are limi...

A fundamental weakness of conventional reverse engineering approaches is the lack of support in identifying program structures and recurring patterns. The integration of human domain knowledge represented via patterns can significantly improve design recovery results. The recognition of a program’s design leads to recurring patterns that, at present, have to be identified in demanding tasks by ...

Refactoring improves software codes and design. This activity often neglected by software developers because they need time to decide tactically where and when to refactor codes. Although the concepts theoretically instilled in the developer’s mind, this activity is not easy to apply and visualize. This situation became more problematic when deals with inexperienced developers. Therefore, there...

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This paper propose a new reverse engineering approach to convert a form fill format document into a set of related tables that can be used to generate the entity relationship diagram. A relationship between the set of tables is generated. In addition, the entity relationship diagram will be converted into a UML class diagram. However, this approach will be very helpful for researchers and pract...

This paper provides the basic information about Reverse Software Engineering and its advantages and disadvantages of Reverse Engineering. Today Reverse Engineering is used in many fields of Information Technology in form of Legacy compatibility, Malware Analysis, Network Analysis, Binary code patching, debugging, and improvising existing algorithms, rapid prototyping and even software reusabili...

Software systems have become business-critical for many companies. These systems are usually large and complex. Some have evolved over decades and therefore are known as legacy systems. These legacy systems need to be maintained and evolved due to many factors, including error correction, requirements change, business rules change, structural re-organization, etc. A fundamental problem in maint...

Engineering is many times described as making practical application of the knowledge of pure sciences in the solution of a problem or the application of scientific and mathematical principles to develop economical solutions to technical problems, creating products, facilities, and structures that are useful to people. What if the opposite occurs? There is some product that may be a solution to ...

Automatic protocol reverse engineering is a process of extracting protocol message formats and protocol state machine without access to the specification of target protocol. Protocol reverse engineering is useful for addressing many problems of network management and security, such as network management, honey-pot systems, intrusion detection, Botnet detection and prevention, and so on. Current...