To further explore the controversial potential for extrahepatic replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV), the highly strand-specific rTth method of reverse transcriptase PCR was used to examine sera, liver, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and other extrahepatic tissues from HCV-infected chimpanzees and humans. Positive-strand HCV RNA was present in the liver at approximately 10-fold-higher le...

BACKGROUND Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are capable of differentiating into many cells such as cardiac cells. Different types of inducers are used for cardiac cell differentiation, but this question still remains to be investigated, which one is the best. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of combination of fibrin scaffold and trichostatin A (TSA), for differentiat...

A number of Eucalyptus species exhibit precocious flowering, flowering within a year of germination and often while still exhibiting juvenile foliage. To understand the nature of precocious flowering in Eucalyptus occidentalis, partial homologues of the inflorescence meristem identity gene TERMINAL FLOWER1 and of the floral meristem identity genes LEAFY and APETALA1 (EOTFL1, EOLFY and EOAP1, re...

immunohistochemistry.Human turbinates were obtained after turbinectomy from 6 patients with nasal obstruction refractory to medical therapy. Total RNA was isolated from human nasal mucosa, and CysLT2 receptor mRNA was detected in these tissues by using reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis. To identify the cells expressing CysLT2 receptor protein, double immunostaining was performed using anti-Cys...

Inflammatory cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of myocarditis, but still little is known about the importance of interferon gamma (IFNg) in this disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the initial transcriptional activity of IFNg and two subunits of its receptor as measured with the use of QRT-PCR and SYBRGreen chemistry in the group of 63 patien...

were seropositive. Because antibodies may be detectable 10 days–3 weeks after experimental infection for the first time (8), the presumed period of infection was between midJanuary and mid-February. At this time, the highest temperatures again rose above 6°C for a few days (Figure 1, panel A). Although the within-herd seroprevalence was >90% in ewes after confirmed or suspected SBV infection in...

Figure A2. QRT-PCR analysis of OR expression for OR families 4, 5, 7, and 9. There was no statistical difference of OR expression between PEA (red bars) and control fish (blue bars) for any of the families tested. Similar results were observed for two different stocks (#1111 (dark shades) and #1106 (light shades)) of imprinted fish. All OR expression data was normalized to expression of β-actin .

To the editor: We wish to offer some cautionary remarks concerning the report by de Graaf et al. [1] about the first human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) infection in the Netherlands, acquired in June 2016 (and not in July, as incorrectly mentioned in the title). At first sight, this case, apparently proven by ELISA and confirmed by neutralisation tests (NT), seems extremely convincing, especial...

While many data are available on genes encoding proteins for degradation of hydrocarbons in bacteria, the impact of alkane on transporter protein expression is unclear. Pseudomonas aeruginosa SJTD-1 is a strain that can consume medium- and long-chain n-alkanes. In order to study the proteins involved in n-octadecane uptake, we use iTRAQ and label free comparative proteomics analysis to identify...

background: leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) is a 45-56 kda glycoprotein that has an important role in proliferation and embryo implantation. its effect on oocyte maturation and how to exert the function remained to be elucidated. methods: immature mice superovulated with human menopausal gonadotropin and germinal vesicle (gv) oocytes were obtained from ovary 48 hours after. gv oocytes were cul...