In a recent talk given at a North American University, a prominent feminist scholar from the United States observed that the contributions of Black women in mass political movements have been given short shrift in both conventional male-centred narratives of revolutionary movements (such as the Black Power movement in the USA), and mainstream feminist accounts of women’s activism, because inter...

The struggle for national independence is often led by a charismatic movement. Once independence has been gained, such movements tend, to use Max Weber's terminology, to become "routinized" by developing either "traditional" or "bureaucratic" structures. The outcome of the conflict between these two tendencies to a large extent determines the degree of political stability, the extent of civil r...

Review Number: 1849 Publish date: Thursday, 29 October, 2015 Author: Luis Martínez Fernández ISBN: 9780813049953 Date of Publication: 2014 Price: £40.95 Pages: 368pp. Publisher: University Press of Florida Publisher url: http://upf.com/book.asp?id=MARTI004 Place of Publication: Miami, Florida Author: Antoni Kapcia ISBN: 9781780325279 Date of Publication: 2014 Price: £16.99 Pages: 256pp. Publish...

This is an expository introduction, for a general mathematics audience, to the modeling of the fluid/solid phase transition and in particular to complications created by the discovery of quasicrystals. One goal is to elucidate certain features of the modeling which are ripe for mathematical investigation. * Research supported in part by NSF Grant DMS-1208941 The 2011 Nobel prize for chemistry w...

The Cold War, extended from the popularization of its name in 1947 to dissolution Soviet Union 1991, functioned a bipolar order which White House and Kremlin set pace events. In accordance with decentralization axis shock [1], both superpowers chose avoid direct confrontation based their strategy on kind tactical movements carried out by third parties. consequence was creation breeding ground d...

This article argues that revolutionary leaders are more willing to commit mass killing than nonrevolutionary leaders. Revolutionary leaders are more ideologically committed to transforming society, more risk tolerant, and more likely to view the use of violence as appropriate and effective. Furthermore, such leaders tend to command highly disciplined and loyal organizations, built in the course...

ikhwan-al-safa and khollan-al-wafa are islamic philosophers with scientific,religious and goals and viewpoints. their epistemology is based on greekphilosophy and islamic principles. according to their opinions, religion was facingcorruption and despotism. so, the only way to reform was the greek philosophy. inpolitical aspect, considering decline, corruption and decentralization in abbasid’sst...