Animals use aggressive behaviour to gain access to resources, and individuals adjust their behaviour relative to resource value and own resource holding potential (RHP). Normally, smaller individuals have inferior fighting abilities compared with larger conspecifics. Affective and cognitive processes can alter contest dynamics, but the interaction between such effects and that of differing RHPs...

In the present paper we analyze construction of fundamental analytic solutions (FAS) for generalized Kulish-Sklyanin models (KSM) vanishing (VBC) and constant boundary conditions (CBC). Using FAS one can reduce direct inverse scattering problems Lax operator to a Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP). For VBC find two $\chi^+(x,t,\lambda) $ $\chi^-(x,t,\lambda) in upper/lower $\mathbb{C}_\pm$ complex $...

A systematic in vitro study was carried out to elucidate the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of haloperidol (HAL) using human liver microsomes and recombinant human cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. In the first series of experiments, recombinant cytochrome P450 (P450) isoenzymes were used to evaluate their catalytic involvement in the metabolic pathways of HAL. Recombinant CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and...

We investigate the notion of history preserving bisimulation [15, 18, 3] for contextual P/T nets, a generalization of ordinary P/T Petri nets where a transition may check for the presence of tokens without consuming them (non-destructive read operations). A first equivalence, simply called HP-bisimulation, is based on Winskel’s prime event structures. A finer equivalence, called RHP-bisimulatio...

Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain JSC-3b isolated from a water canal adjacent to a vegetable field produces a protein that was purified by bioactivity-guided fractionation based on ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange absorption and size exclusion. The protein was further identified as an endoribonuclease L-PSP (Liver-Perchloric acid-soluble protein) by shotgun mass spectrometry analysi...

This is a review of two of the fundamental tools for analysis of soliton equations: i) the algebraic ones based on Kac-Moody algebras, their central extensions and their dual algebras which underlie the Hamiltonian structures of the NLEE; ii) the construction of the fundamental analytic solutions (FAS) of the Lax operator and the Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP) which they satisfy. The fact that t...

We examined the impact of winner and loser effects on dominance hierarchy formation when individuals are capable of estimating their opponent's resource holding power (RHP). The accuracy of such estimates was a variable in our simulations, and we considered cases in which all individuals err within the same bounds, as well as cases in which some individuals consistently overestimate, while othe...

Male competition for females can often take the form of direct physical contests. The outcome a given contest or decision to persist is determined by resource holding potential (RHP) ...

Solutions and powders formed from salmon sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) reacted with the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMA-Cl) incorporated fluorescent rhodamine molecules: anionic sulforhodamine 640 (SRh) or cationic/zwitterionic rhodamine 640 perchlorate (RhP). The role of the cationic surfactant in the interaction between rhodamine dye and DNA-surfactant molecules ...

Anti-slug control applied to two-phase flow provides a very challenging and important application for feedback control. It is important because it allows for operation that would otherwise be impossible, and challenging because of the presence of both RHP-poles and RHP-zeros. To conduct experiments on pipeline-riser anti-slug control, a small-scale slug-loop has been build. The loop has been mo...