Young female rats were made riboflavin-deficient by feeding a purified diet containing casein (210 g/kg). This basal diet provided 0.40 mg riboflavin/kg diet, to which was added additional riboflavin at 0, 0.12 or 0.25 mg/kg diet. Control animals received the same diet with 15 mg added riboflavin/kg. The diets were given for 4 weeks before mating, then throughout pregnancy and for 15 d of lacta...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Riboflavin plays an important role in myelin formation, and its deficiency is implicated as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis. Here, we systematically reviewed the literature concerning the health benefits of riboflavin on MS. The literature recorded within four main databases, including rel...

Riboflavin deficiency interferes with the growth and multiplication of malaria parasites as well as the host response to malaria. The objective of the present work was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency on erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9; GPx) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1; SOD) in rats infected with Plasmodium berghei malaria. Riboflavin in its co-enzyme ...

Riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation is a potential treatment alternative in therapy resistant infectious keratitis. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of riboflavin-UVA photodynamic inactivation on viability, apoptosis and activation of human keratocytes in vitro. Primary human keratocytes were isolated from human corneal buttons and cultured in DMEM/Ham's F12 medium supp...

RIBOFLAVIN OR VITAMIN B2 (7,8-dimethyl-10-ribitylisoalloxazine) is an essential water-soluble vitamin. Riboflavin is important for normal cell functioning and for cell growth and development. Riboflavin is a major component of coenzymes FAD and flavin mononuclotide (FMN) that play a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. Riboflavin is also intimately involved in t...

and Implications The dietary bioavailable riboflavin needs for body maintenance and body protein and fat accretion were estimated in pigs. The riboflavin required to support body protein accretion was higher than that for body maintenance or fat accretion. Specifically, the riboflavin required to support protein accretion was six times higher than the riboflavin required to support fat accretio...

Lactococcus lactis is a commonly used starter strain that can be converted from a vitamin B2 consumer into a vitamin B2 'factory' by over-expressing its riboflavin biosynthesis genes. The present study was conducted to assess in a rat bioassay the response of riboflavin produced by GM or native lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The riboflavin-producing strains were able to eliminate most physiologica...

A new method for the enumeration of lymphoid cells with specific surface-receptors for antigen is described, based on the use of beta-D-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23), either directly as an antigen or as a conjugated antigen. Binding of beta-D-galactosidase is revealed by its activity in releasing riboflavin from a synthetic substrate, riboflavin-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The riboflavin, inactive ...

I. Reduced intake of energy or protein per se decreased riboflavin requirement of the chicks under restricted feeding regimens. 2. In severe riboflavin deficiency (2.26 mg/kg diet), efficiency of utilization of both energy and protein was decreased significantly under ad lib. conditions of feeding. 3. Efficiency of utilization of energy (but not protein) was decreased significantly in borderlin...

BACKGROUND The bacterium Bacillus subtilis, which is not a natural riboflavin overproducer, has been converted into an excellent production strain by classical mutagenesis and metabolic engineering. To our knowledge, the enhancement of riboflavin excretion from the cytoplasm of overproducing cells has not yet been considered as a target for (further) strain improvement. Here we evaluate the fla...