Lignosulfonate and lignosulfonate hydrolyzed under alkaline conditions were used as the polyol components in polyurethane foam formulations. Although the treatment increased hydroxyl group abundance, it did not improve the applicability of hydrolyzed lignosulfonate in polyurethane foam. Thus, the use of original lignosulfonate yielded foams of thermal stability and mechanical properties compara...

Chemicals in any form can be safely stored, handled or used if the physical, chemical, and hazardous properties are fully unders tood, and if proper precautions, including the use of adequate safeguards and personal protection equipment, are taken. In this paper , the chemicals to be considered are the g roup of chemicals known as polyisocyanates, a n d the methods of every-day handling of them...

In recent years, the advanced manufacturing industry is engaging in a “global production strategy – for simultaneous achievement of QCD”. A close look at the development designing and production process stage reveals an excessive repetition of “experiment, prototyping, and evaluation” that prevents the “scale-up effect” generated in the bridging stage between prototyping, experiment, evaluation...

We use a rigid axisymetric microfluidic flow focusing device to produce monodisperse bubbles, dispersed in a surfactant solution. The gas volume fraction of the dispersion collected out of this device can be as large as 90%, demonstrating that foam with solid-like viscoelastic properties can be produced in this way. The polydispersity of the bubbles is so low that we observe crystallization of ...

A dry starch–oil composite was blended with each of three glycols; ethylene, polyethylene, and propylene, and then reacted with isocyanate to produce polyurethane foams. The liquid glycols permitted the dry composite to blend well with the other ingredients in the foam formulations. Infrared spectra confirmed the presence of urethane structures in the composite–glycol foams. Polyethylene glycol...