Multilayer composite flexible risers have been widely used in engineering. However, this type of structure is complex, as there are influences between layers. Moreover, a range uncertain factors need to be considered fatigue analysis. Therefore, it difficult perform the analysis research multilayer risers. In paper, spectrum and reliability method nine-layer riser proposed, complete process for...

The fatigue reliability assessment of deepwater risers plays an important role in the safety oil and gas development. Physical-based models are widely used riser analyses. However, these present some disadvantages analyses, such as low computational efficiency inability to introduce inspection data. An improved analysis method was proposed conduct risers. data-driven were established based on r...

While conventional hearing protectors are unsuitable for musicians, specialized hearing protectors with uniform attenuation may be appropriate for certain applications. An educational program to inform musicians about the effects of sound exposure, risk of hearing loss, and exposure control options is warranted. The effectiveness of the only two identified physical means for controlling noise (...

This paper presents a full-scale deep-water steel catenary riser fatigue test system. The proposed system can carry out tests on risers, hoses, and subsea pipelines up to 21 m in length, ranging from 8 24 inches diameter. was realized by mechanical loading with control systems, could axial tension compression, bending moment, torsion, internal pressure simulate all load types risers or pipeline...

Flexible riser is a class of flexible pipes which is used to connect subsea pipelines to floating offshore installations, such as FPSOs (floating production/storage/off-loading unit) and SS (semisubmersible) platforms, in oil and gas production. Flexible risers are multilayered pipes typically comprising an inner flexible metal carcass surrounded by polymer layers and spiral wound steel ligamen...

OBJECTIVE This study was a long-term survey of a stair climbing campaign that made use of point-of-choice prompts aimed at achieving exemplary behavior in citizens. METHODS The campaign began in September 2007 at the Kochi Prefectural Office. We monitored office workers who climbed the stairs or used the elevator in the prefectural office building, excluding weekends, from August 2007 through...