Road pricing has received increasing attention over the past decades, both in the academic literature and in transport policy circles. Undoubtedly, this is motivated on the one hand by the increasing need for pricing as an effective instrument to curb growing transport-related problems such as congestion and emissions, and on the other by technical advances that make the implementation of road ...

in the past, forest road network designing was mainly done for its main goals-management and exploitation. this study was performed to pay attention for multilateral goals of forest roads, especially its role in forest villages’ development, in estakhr-posht of neka (6 villages) in series 2, section 6 of neka-zalem rood forest management plan. at first, constructed forest roads and suggested ro...

Pavement maintenance plays a significant role in megacities. Managing complaints and scheduling road reviews are the two concerns under intelligent pavement management system (PMS) plan. In contrast, if damages not treated immediately, they will increase over time. By leveraging accurate data from sensors, smart PMS improve capability, support sustainability, drive economic growth network. This...

The suspension system of a vehicle is one of the most important parts which is involved in the process of vehicle designing. When a vehicle suspension system is designed, the evaluation of its performance against the road disturbances such as shocks and bumps are very important. The most commonly used systems consist of four hydraulic Jacks with mobility in vertical line with low speed and l...

Designing and implementing natural resource monitoring is a challenging endeavor undertaken by many agencies, NGOs, and citizen groups worldwide. Yet many monitoring programs fail to deliver useful information for a variety of administrative (staffing, documentation, and funding) or technical (sampling design and data analysis) reasons. Programs risk failure if they lack a clear motivating prob...