The captive environment can lack opportunities for the expression of a range of natural behaviours (Wemelsfelder, 1997) and can contribute to the establishment of stereotypic or undesirable behaviours. Appropriately enriched environments have been shown to have positive effect on both physiological (Newberry, 1995) and psychological (Roy et al, 2001) welfare and to enhance the range of behaviou...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that high school students can be subjected to the same laparoscopic surgical training curriculum used by surgeons and successfully complete it. The goal of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of early training in minimally invasive surgical techniques. METHODS Thirteen high school students, ages 15-18, participated in the validated Top Gun ...

Abslruct-This paper reports on the initial experimental evaluation of the Reusability-Oriented Parallel programming Environment (ROPE 1, a software component reuse system developed at the University of Texas at Austin. ROPE helps the designer find and understand compo vents by using a new classification method called structured relational classification. ROPE is a part of a development environm...

Calf housing often only meets the basic needs of calves, but there is a growing interest in providing enrichments. This study described the behaviour of calves when they were given the opportunity to interact with two commonly available enrichment items. Female and male calves (approximately 11 days old) were pair-housed in 8 identical pens fitted with an automated brush and a hanging rope. Fre...

Comfort, W.W. and J. van Mill, Some topological groups with, and some without, proper dense subgroups, Topology and its Applications 41 (1991) 3-15. Continuing earlier investigations into the question cf the existence of a proper dense subgroup of a given topological group, the authors obtain some positive and some negative results, as follows: (a) Every non-degenerate connected Abelian group c...

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Time-dependent resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations are carried out to study a flux rope eruption caused by magnetic reconnection with implication in coexistent flare-CME (coronal mass ejection) events. An early result obtained in a recent analysis of double catastrophe of a flux rope system is used as the initial condition, in which an isolated flux rope coexists with two current sheets: ...

The formation and evolution process and magnetic configuration of solar prominences remain unclear. In order to study the formation process of prominences, we examine continuous observations of a prominence in NOAA AR 10953 with the Solar Optical Telescope on the Hinode satellite. As reported in our previous Letter, we find a signature suggesting that a helical flux rope emerges from below the ...

Automatic visual inspection has gathered a high importance in many fields of industrial applications. Especially in security relevant applications visual inspection is obligatory. Unfortunately, this task currently bears also a risk for the human inspector, as in the case of visual rope inspection. The huge and heavy rope is mounted in great height, or it is directly connected with running mach...