Generational overlap affects the care time demands on parents and grandparents worldwide. Here, we present first global estimates of experience simultaneously having frail older young children (“sandwichness”) or grandchildren (“grandsandwichness”) for 1970–2040 cohorts, using demographic methods microsimulations. We find that sandwichness is more prevalent in Global South—for example, almost t...

The feeding and oviposition activity of overwintering boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis grandis (Boheman), and seasonal fluctuations in development, survival, and reproduction of progeny of overwintering and first- and second-generation boll weevil females were determined in the laboratory at 27 degrees C, 65% RH, and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) h. During the cotton-free period in the Lower Rio...

The aim was to establish a cell culture of adult primary bovine hepatocytes obtained from liver following slaughter and to cultivate the cells in a sandwich culture. Cells and medium samples were taken after separation of cells (day 0), during monolayer (days 1, 2 and 3) and during sandwich culture (days 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10 and 14). The mRNA expression of BAX, BCL2L, FAS, IGF-1 and GHR1A was meas...

The authors analyzed Illinois vital records to determine the intergenerational birth weight patterns among the descendants of US-born and foreign-born White and African-American women. Among the descendants of the generation 1 US-born White women (n = 91,061), generation 3 females had a birth weight 65 g more than that of their generation 2 mothers (p < 0.0001); generation 3 infants had a 10% l...

BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity in postmenopausal females. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) play complex roles in normal bone metabolism, and in pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to design an analytic cross sectional study in order to further clarify the role of TGF-β1 and ...

The feeding and oviposition activity of overwintering boll weevils,Anthonomus grandis grandis (Boheman), and seasonal ßuctuations in development, survival, and reproduction of progeny of overwintering and Þrstand second-generation boll weevil females were determined in the laboratory at 27 C, 65% RH, and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) h. During the cotton-free period in the Lower Rio Grande Valle...